History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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406 History of Medical Practice in Illinoisapprenticed under Brainard and was graduated from Rush in 1848. Hebecame Professor of Anatomy in 1855, which implies that Herrick musthave taught physiology until his retirement, at which time Hosmer A. Johnsonwas made Professor of Physiology and Pathology. According to Weaver,Freer left Chicago in 1871 but the catalogs listed him through 1877. Itis not known how long Dr. Johnson functioned, but the catalog in 1868listed Freer again as Professor of Physiology and Microscopic Anatomy.In 1875, F. L. Wadsworth was made Adjunct Professor of Physiology andMicroscopic Anatomy, and was listed in the Rush catalog through 1882.Henry M. Lyman received the medical degree from Columbia in 1861.Ten years later he was named Professor of Chemistry in Rush MedicalCollege, but in 1878 his title was changed to Professor of Physiology andNervous Diseases. In 1891 he confined his work to medicine entirely. AfterWadsworth left, E. S. Talbot was listed as Lecturer on Dental Anatomy andPhysiology, and the following year Edward P. Davis appeared as Lectureron Physiology and Histology. In 1886, the name of Albert J.Ochsner wasadded, and the following year Davis's name was omitted. Lyman, Talbotand Ochsner worked through the session of 1887; then Talbot dropped out,and the name of Harold N. Moyer appeared instead.After Lyman was transferred toMedicine, John M. Dodson succeededto the title of Professor of Physiology with William A. Locy and ArchibaldFreer as staff members. Although Rush affiliated with the University ofChicago in 1897, the catalogs carried Dodson's name until 1901 whenJacques Loeb, for several years previously in charge of physiology atUniversity, was listed in the Rush announcements as Professor of Physiology.All of the physiologists up to the time of Loeb gave purely didacticinstruction with little attempt even to demonstrate physiologic principles.Assistants or adjunct professors gave only instruction of microscopy in thelaboratory.From the Rush catalog for 1896, the following examination questionswere taken; from them, one can obtain a fairly good idea of the scope andpoint of view prevailing, not only in Rush but in most of the schools ofthat period. The questions reveal not only the elementary level of informationimparted, but also the methods of instruction and evaluation.Questions for Examination of Freshmen in Physiology1. Describe the gross and microscopic structure of voluntary muscle.2. Name the inorganic proximate principle of the human body, and state whereeach of the chief ones is most abundant.3. Describe fully the red corpuscle.4. Describe the sounds due to the heart action, the causes of each, and name theevents in the cardiac cycle accompanying each.the
Physiology 4075. What are the chyme, trypsin, amylopin, peptone, cholesterine?6. (a) What is a ferment? (b) What is an organized and an unorganized ferment?(c) What ferments are present in the human body?7. (a) What are the forces concerned in absorption? (b) In what ways dolymphatic vessels terminate?8. Describe a kidney tubule.9. (a) Show by diagram the curve produced in the myogram by a single muscletwitch produced by an instantaneous electrical stimulus, (b) What phenomenaaccompany such a muscular contraction?Questions for Examination of Sophomores in Physiology1. What muscles abduct, adduct, render tense, relax the vocal cords?2. (a) Define a reflex act. (b) What are Pfliiger's rules showing the relation of areflex action to the strength of stimulus? (c) What reflex centers are residentin the medulla oblongata?3. (a) By what methods are we able to differentiate the conducting paths in thespinal cord? (b) Name the column of white fibers as distinguished by thesemethods.4. Describe the internal capsule, and name the tracts of conducting fibers foundwithin it.5. Write out a chart of the fourth cranial nerve.6. In what portion of the cerebral cortex of the monkey are situated the centersfor: (a) motion of the left hind foot, (b) motion of the muscles concernedin speech, (c) supination and flexion of the left forearm, (d) of the rightforearm.7. What in general are the probable functions of the sympathetic nervous system?8. A. Define (a) common, (b) special sense.B. Name all of the special sense impressions.C. Where is the tactile sense most acute and how measure?9. (a) Describe the semicircular canals of the internal ear. (b) What is believedto be their principal functions?10. What part of the refracting media of the eye moves in accommodation, andhow may we demonstrate that it alone moves?Physiology at Northwestern University Medical SchoolThe faculty members who withdrew from Rush Medical College in 1859,including Nathan S. Davis and Hosmer A. Johnson, all were interested inthe improvement of medical education, including physiology. At that timeLind University had just obtained a charter to operate a College of LiberalArts in Chicago. The initial step accomplished, the trustees at once beganto expand their ambitions. Departments of Theology and of Medicine wereenvisioned. This suggestion was of great interest to the group secedingfrom Rush. Starting from nothing, they were free to organize graded coursesof instruction in thirteen departments, instead of the conventional six orseven.Hosmer A. Johnson was graduated from Rush Medical College in 1852,
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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i3 Zvibxxtt to Br. 30. 3L ©abteTHI
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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114 History of Jiledical Practice i
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History of Medical Practice in Illi
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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3526IndexReed, Dr. Carlos I., 403Re
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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