History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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220 History of Medical Practice in Illinoisbeen active in the work of the Society, and it has assumed a prominentplace in the ranks of similar societies throughout the United States. It is tobe regretted that no similar organization embracing the medical men inother parts of the state was developed at this time. 9Professional Progress. The advances made in the practice of obstetricsand gynecology are recorded in the papers and reports presented beforethe Illinois State Medical Society. 10 As interest and knowledge in these twosubjects increased, they became more definitely established as specialtieswithin the general field of medicine.1850—1860What was thought to be the first recorded case(1853) of development ofthe placenta in the fallopian tube in Illinois by Dr. C. N. Andrews of Rockford,probably was a pregnancy in an arcuate type of bicornuate uterus.The patient delivered a small child, following which she had a retainedplacenta and an uncontrollable postpartum hemorrhage. The placentawas removed piecemeal by instruments and the hemorrhage controlledby a pack. The same result was encountered with her second pregnancy andagain with severe postpartum hemorrhage. With her third pregnancy,while walking in the garden, she suddenly was seized with a severe pain,then fainted and died almost immediately. Autopsy showed a rupture ofthe uterus, possibly predisposed to by the previous manipulations necessaryfor instrumental removal of the placenta in the two previous pregnancies.The fact that the autopsy report did not mention the type of bicornuateuterus means that the degree of deformity was minimal.In1857, Dr. W. M. Chambers of Charleston reported on a conditioncalled "stomatitis materna." This is probably the first mention in Illinoisof vitamin deficiency disease during pregnancy. He stated that gestationand nursing furnished the cause of the disease since nonpregnant and nonlactatingwomen did not have it. He noted also that the correction ofdietary deficiencies resulted in cure.He explained the etiology by sayingthat the entire nervous system is sympathetic with the pregnant uterus andthat the manifestations of the disease were brought about by shattering thenervous system. He thought that it must be a blood disease, not due to anypoison but rather to a deficiency in the natural healthy constituents of theblood, or to a portion of its constituents being below the standard of normalgestation. He quoted Simon who had examined the blood of ninepregnant women and found that pregnancy exercised a marked influence9This defect has been corrected in recent years and a nourishing Illinois Obstetricaland Gynecological Society of over 100 members has been organized (1945) and is growingin importance and influencing the development of specialization throughout the statein a very significant manner.10Transactions of the Illinois State Medical Society 1850 to 1900.
Obstetrics and Gynecology 221on the composition of the blood, in that the density of defibrinated bloodand serum diminished, and water, fibrin and phosphorized fat increased,and corpuscles and albumin were diminished. This was probably theearliest mention, at least in Illinois, of disturbed water balance duringpregnancy.Anesthesia (chloroform) had been discovered in 1847. It is, therefore,astonishing to note that in 1859 a series of 500 cases delivered under chloroformanesthesia was reported by Dr. D. W. Young. A careful analysis wasmade of the advantages and dangers of the procedure, and recommendationswere made for its use which might well be used today in obstetriccases. The dangers of the production of desultory labor were pointed out,together with the tendency to uterine relaxation postpartum predisposingto hemorrhage. The deleterious effect on the newborn baby was alsoemphasized with special mention of deaths due to respiratory failure. Dr.Young claimed that if chloroform were judiciously administered by puttingit on a loosely folded silk handkerchief in amounts just sufficient tostop pain, it would safely and successfully alleviate and annihilate thesuffering incident to childbirth. When given in this way, no illeffect wasnoted on the baby or mother, and in no case in his series did the anesthesiahave to be discontinued. He used about 6 ounces in six hours of labor.Some practitioners condemned the use of anesthesia in any case, implyingthat pain is a necessary accompaniment of labor. Others hailed it as agreat boon to suffering womanhood and used it to excess. Most of the menof this day, however, agreed that anesthesia had a place in obstetrics andshould be used cautiously for analgesia and only rarely for completeanesthesia. Evidently the bad effect of morphine to relieve the pains oflabor was well recognized, since it is seldom mentioned in their discussionson anesthesia.Gynecology was not as far advanced comparatively as obstetrics in thedecade from 1850 to i860. For example, the difficult problem of carcinomathen had to be met as best it could be with the limited knowledge of thecondition and equipment for its treatment. In 1859, Dr. William H. Byforddescribed cancer of the cervix uteri in a woman who had been bleeding irregularlyfor 18 months. He found a polyp which he attempted to ligate;this resulted in severe hemorrhage and some disintegration of the mass.Within four or five weeks this was reduced to the size of a hen's egg, whenanother attempt at removal was made. Biopsy showed it to be carcinoma.It was removed repeatedly as itrecurred and made defecation and urina-The technic followed was removal every two weeks by ec-tion difficult.crasseur with cauterization of the stump by caustic potash. The patientcomplained of relatively little pain. Postmortem examination revealedbladder involvement. In reviewing the case, Dr. Byford was frank enough
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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i3 Zvibxxtt to Br. 30. 3L ©abteTHI
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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114 History of Jiledical Practice i
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History of Medical Practice in Illi
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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3526IndexReed, Dr. Carlos I., 403Re
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History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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