History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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362 History of Medical Practice in Illinoistunes of the people in and around Southern Illinois were atthe lowestmark. Inundations and pestilence continued to add to the woe and miseryin the 'American Bottom.' The first considerable influx of settlers intoSouthern Illinois had occurred soon after the Revolution; these colonistscame chiefly from Virginia. In 1797 more than a hundred of them joinedthe community of Kaskaskia, which in 1790 was the largest and most prosperoustown west of the Allegheny Mountains, while others sought abodesthat were healthier than this region.Following the French and Indian War the "IllinoisCountry" was atfirst under the jurisdiction of the State of Virginia. About the year 1778the General Assembly created the county of Illinois,probably the largestcounty in the world, for it contained the land now embraced by Ohio,Indiana, Wisconsin and Michigan. John Todd was appointed LieutenantCommander of the district by Patrick Henry, then governor of Virginia.Immediately after the American Revolution, the Virginia Assembly"at their session, commencing on the 20th day of October, 1783, passed an Actto authorize their delegates in Congress, to convey to the United States in theCongress assembled, all the rights of the commonwealth to the territory northwestwardof the river Ohio."The first legislative assembly of the Northwest Territory met in Septemberof 1800. On May 7, of that year, Congress had acted to divide theterritory northwest of the Ohio into two separate governments and establishedthe Indiana Territory, Illinois becoming one of the countiesof Indiana. Before 1800 the laws ruling the Northwest Territory, as ratifiedby its board of governor and judges, were taken from the codes of Pennsylvania,New York and Virginia. These laws were issued in four volumes,the first containing those of the years 1788 to 1791 and printed in Philadelphiain 1792 by Francis Childe and John Swayne, the second containingthose of 1792 and issued by the same publishers in 1794, the third—"Maxwell'sCode"—containing those of 1795 and printed the following year byW. Maxwell in Cincinnati, and the fourth presenting the laws of 1798 andissued in the same year by Edmund Freeman of that town. 3The "Territory of Illinois" was established in February, 1809, by Actof Congress. It defined"that all that part of the Indiana Territory which lies west of the Wabash riverand Post Vincennes due north, to the territorial line between the United Statesand Canada shall for the purpose of temporary government constitute a separateterritory and be called Illinois."Then that territory had a population of 9000 and included what isnows James, Edmund J.:Information Relating to the Territorial Laws of Illinois passedfrom 1809-1812. Publications of the Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield, 1899.
History of Anatomy Laws in Illinois 363the state of Wisconsin. A Board of Governor and Judges represented thesole legislative authority under Congress in this larger Illinois up tomeeting of the first territorial legislature in November, 1812, at Kaskaskia.The Act provided that authentic copies of the laws passed by the Governorand Judges should be sent every six months to the President of the UnitedStates for permanent preservation. For some reason or other, these laws, ifthey were ever sent to Washington, were not preserved, with the exceptionof four on file, nor were they printed so far as known in any documentof the federal government. 4During the two decades immediately prior tothe1818, when Illinois waselected to statehood, permanent settlements were planted in rapid successionin its southern regions. In that year most of its 35,000 inhabitantslived south of the mouth of the Illinois River. Four out of every six personswere of southern stock, one was of foreign origin, and one a northernemigrant. At firstthere was some animosity between the southern settlersand the 'Yankees,' but eventually "The Mississippi," "the river" or "OleMan River" bound them together. The tide of immigration which had setin soon after the Revolution brought not only adventurous emigrantsfrom the east through the Cumberland Gap and down the Ohio, but alsoup the Mississippi, especially large numbers of Germans, Irish and otherforeign countrymen who had landed at the port of New Orleans and wereseeking a home in the interior.It is natural that Kaskaskia should have been selected as the seat ofthe territorial government. For it was in effect the first settlement of thewhite man in Illinois, and played the leading role not only in its earlypolitical but also in its early cultural and medical history, both duringthe period of the French occupation and during American territorialtimes. The first meetings of the territorial legislature— the LegislativeCouncil and House of Representatives—of Illinois were held at Kaskaskiain 1812, one on December 12 and the other on December 26. The firstprinted edition of the laws passed at these sessions was issued in a pamphletof 60 pages by Matthew Duncan at Russelville, Kentucky, the followingyear. The first law declared that all laws decreed by the Legislature ofthe Indiana Territory which were in force on March 1, 1809, and whichare of general nature and not local to Indiana Territory, shall remain inforce in the Illinois Territory until altered or repealed by the latter.The building at Kaskaskia, in which the territorial government wasinstituted and made its decrees, and which served as the capitol until 1820and even as the place of assembly during the organization of the stategovernment, had been the headquarters of the Military Commandant dur-* cf. James, ibid.
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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