History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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338 History of Medical Practice in Illinoissurgeons furnished a directional impetus to the development of plasticsurgery as a distinct specialty by their important work on cleft lip andcleft palate cases, and also by reports of their management of tumor andtraumatic conditions involving the face and oral structures. Their goodwork at such an early date is remarkable, but its value was gradually forgottenuntil recent years. Now again we are convinced that the methods ofcleft palate management advocated by these pioneers are indeed capableof yielding gratifying results.In conclusion it should be emphasized that the path which led to thegrowth of plastic surgery as a full-grown specialty was, in the latter half ofthe 19th century, not a wide or clearly defined highway. But there were anumber of resolute pioneers who pointed the way with a firm and sure step.And there were others who led off at tangent directions whose steps had tobe retraced. There were those also who entered the pathway of plasticsurgery only by accident or as a side excursion. Much credit must be givento men like Drs. Daniel Brainard, David Prince, Moses Gunn, D. W. Halland Daniel Booth for blazing a trail through an unexplored territory.Especially is much credit due to the group of outstanding practitioners inthe field of maxillofacial surgery, among them Drs. Truman W. Brophy,Thomas L. Gilmer, G. V. Black, C. S. Case, H. H. Schuhmann and E. S.Talbot. These "intellectual giants" have indeed left us an example of careful,diligent scientific effort and a heritage of knowledge that should serveas guiding beacons for many years to come. Their work was most significantin bringing together the fields of medicine and dentistry to the mutualbenefit of both. 1717For biographical details concerning these men, the reader is referred to the numerousspecial papers current at that time in the field of dentistry.—Editor
CHAPTER XVIIPATHOLOGYBy EDWIN F.HIRSCH, M.D.*THEearly medical schools of the State of Illinois, both in and aboutChicago, did little or nothing to arouse an interest in promotingpathology. The earliest record of a necropsy in Chicago was one performedby Dr. Daniel Brainard in i8_j.j, who described an anencephalic with acardiac malformation. In the same year, Dr. Austin Flint reported two instancesof sudden death "with autopsical examinations." The first personto hold a Chair in Pathology in Chicago was Dr. N. S. Davis, who cameto this city in 1849 as Professor of Physiology and Pathology at Rush MedicalCollege. He brought with him a microscope, believed to be the first onein the state. 1At the staff meeting of Cook County Hospital on December 30, 1865,Dr. Henry M. Lyman was appointed to the newly created position ofpathologist, or "curator of the dead house." Dr. Lyman had few facilitiesfor his newly created assignment: a knife, a saw, a chisel and a mallet. Theattending physicians, who themselves wished to make dissections on theirdead patients, left little equipment for the curator in an institution whichhad no microscope and was unwilling or unable to afford alcohol and jarsfor specimens. Dr. Lyman in1870 was succeeded by Dr. Hosmer A. Johnson.Shortly after November, 1873, the office of the pathologist at CookCounty Hospital was abolished by the medical staff, but on March 31, 1877,the staff, recognizing the value of this service, decided again to appoint acurator. A month later Dr. I. N. Danforth was so designated. Dr. Hektoenstated that of the three physicians mentioned for this appointment onlyDr. Danforth merited the designation of pathologist. In fact, he regardedDanforth as the only pathologist worthy of this name before Dr.Christian Fenger; for it was he (Danforth) who first initiated the practiceof demonstrating postmortems to classes of medical students. Before re-* For many years Dr. Hirsch has been Pathologist to the St. Luke's Hospital in Chicago.For the past 29 years he has served as the Secretary of the Chicago Pathological Societyand is widely known for his numerous scientific papers; especially for his illustratedautopsy reports published from time to time in the Illinois Medical Jourtial and in theJournal of the American Medical Association.—Editor1Hektoen, Ludvig: Early pathology in Chicago and Christian Fenger, Proc. Inst. Med.of Chicago, IX'. 258, 1937.339
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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