History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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1 86 History of Medical Practice in IllinoisWhiting, Petersburg. Dr. G. V. Black was appointed as a Special Committeeon Oral Surgery.It was reported that the causes of death as given by the State Board ofHealth were quite inaccurate because, of the entire number of deaths reportedin 1882 and 1883, the causes of only 22 were given; 5 were frompneumonia and 4 from overdoses of morphia. A Committee on OriginalInvestigation was appointed to inquire into this. There was also considerablediscussion about obtaining sufficient material for anatomic dissection.New legislation was advised, and the doctors were asked to help. Antivivisectionistsat that time were not organized.Dr. Park's report on surgery for the year noted the publication of thethird volume of Agnew's "Treatise on Surgery" and Holmes's "System ofSurgery." It was also announced that the "International Encyclopaedia"and the "Deutsche Chirurgie" were approaching completion. The reportcontinued with a long list of items somewhat as follows: Surgical dressingsand the carbolic spray were mentioned. Little was now heard of the latterand it was noted that it could be dispensed with as, in his last 1000 operations,he (Park) had used it only three times; his operative mortality was6 per cent. The general principles of antisepsis had become established,and cleanliness and surgical cleanliness were no longer synonymous. Theirritant qualities of carbolic acid were better appreciated, and weak solutionsof corrosive sublimate(1:1000-5000) had supplanted the use of carbolicacid in nearly all foreign and domestic clinics. Iodoform was,however, still used for many purposes, and naphthaline gauze and ointmenthad been introduced into active surgical use. Professor Kocher'smethod of preparing catgut was stated to give complete satisfaction; thecatgut was soaked in oil of juniper berries two or three days and was thentransferred for keeping into absolute alcohol containingsublimate, thus yielding a good strength of gut easily absorbed.1:500 corrosivePark also spoke of Fehleisen's monograph on erysipelas, proving it to bea germ disease caused by a micrococcus. The recognition of the specificcocci of gonorrhea by Neisser in 1879 was mentioned, also the finding oforganisms in osteomyelitis and the animal experiments on the pus thusobtained. The discovery of tubercle bacilli in the fistulous tracts fromjoints and the spine was confirmed, thus doing away with the term "scrofula,"which had become an eyesore to the pathologist. The year 1884 marksthe birth of many proper pathologic and bacteriologic terms and discontinuanceof much of the old nomenclature which was often uncertain andtraditional in origin. Rectal anesthesia was described by means of theconveyance of ether via a rectal tube. The ether bottle was placed in a waterbath at 130 to 140 ; "in 2 to 4 minutes the patient tastes ether in his mouthand in 10 to 12 minutes he is asleep."
General Surgery 187There were remarks on surgery of the lungs and adnexae in which thework of Mosler, Brill and Kronlein was cited. In the field of abdominalsurgery, the report covered Czerny's operation for resection of intractablepeptic ulcer, Loreta's pyloroplasties, and gastrostomies for the relief ofcarcinomatous stricture. He quoted LeFort's statistics of 105 gastrostomiesof which number 72.4 per cent died within 30 days after operation. Internalesophagotomy near the cardiac orifice had been reported by Sands of NewYork.Park stated that there was improvement in the uncertainty and tediousnessof Dupuytren's operation for the cure of an artificialanus and thathe (Park) had performed one such operation. He said that 25 out of 37cases reported were cured, a reported mortality of 31 per cent as againsta mortality of 79 per cent by the Dupuytren method.Attention was called to several operations performed by Billroth, andPark talked of the radical cure of hernia. He and his friends had gathered360 operations for hernia, many strangulated, with an overall mortalityof 4 per cent. He closed his remarks by giving some of his personal experiences,as follows: Successfully suturing one sciatic nerve and one radialnerve; a midline perineal opening into the bladder through which he extracteda stone with a dry weight of 1290 grains.Dr. D. W. Graham reported an instance of goiter with respiratory obstruction.He had great difficulty inserting a tracheotomy tube as it wasnot long enough, and he consequently devised a new one with a flange atthe skin surface.1885The Committee on Surgery consisted of Drs. C. Truesdale, Rock Island;T. M. McElvaine, Peoria, and M. Reese, Abington, with Dr. C. E. Websterof Chicago for orthopedic surgery. The report on surgery was given by Dr.W. A. Byrd who referred to recent books, especially the works of Dalton on"Typographical Anatomy of the Brain" and Treve's "Intestinal Obstruction."Eminent surgeons mentioned by him were Hugh Owen Thomas ofLiverpool; Hamilton and his "Fractures plus Dislocations," and Kocherwhose extirpation of the thyroid gland was coming into vogue in Europe.Dr. William T. Bull's work in advancement of abdominal surgery wasmentioned, along with the work of Dr. Andrews of Chicago and the cholecystectomiesof Dr. Charles T. Parkes. Dr. Byrd advocated stitching anopening in the gallbladder to the abdominal wall, and mentioned thatDr. J.M. Gaston of Atlanta, Georgia, had perfected a fistulous communicationbetween the gallbladder and the intestine,thus allowing the bileto flow into the intestine so that it could perform its physiologic functions.Hip joint amputations and Devy's lever were considered dangerousbecause intestinal perforation and peritonitis occurred at times.
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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History of Medical Practice in Illi
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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3526IndexReed, Dr. Carlos I., 403Re
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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