History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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296 History of Medical Practice in IllinoisIn one of the leading works on "The Human Ear" by W. H. Winslow(published by Boericke and Tafel in 1882), Dr. J.H. Buffum of Chicagois reported to have closed tympanic membrane perforations with "pledgetsof cotton smeared with cosmoline and kept firmly against the surface ofthe drum-head for several weeks at a time."A remarkably thorough discussion was contained in a paper by E.Fletcher Ingals (Trans. 111. State Med. Soc, 1885, p. 197) on "RecurrentLaryngitis and Obstruction of the Nares, or Ordinary Catarrh." Living nearthe shore and its greater frequency in men than in women because of "thecommon habit of smoking" and alcoholic stimulants came in for etiologicconsideration. The recognition and management of mechanical obstructions,hypertrophic states, mucous polyps, and the deviated or thickenedseptum, are indeed the products of an unusually good clinicalwith a flair for inventive genius.observerDr. R. Tilley reported on the accidental severance of the chorda tympaninerve in curetting granulations in the middle ear, with subsequent loss oftaste for bitter, sweet, salt and sour on the anterior part of the tongue onthe same side. (Trans. 111. State Med. Soc, 1886, p. 233.) This referred to anarticle in the Archives of Otology, Vol. XV by Schulte of Berlin and translatedby Furst.In an 1886 report on otology, W. T. Speaker of Mt. Morris, Illinois,opened his remarks by saying, "I presume there is no subject in the fieldof either medicine or surgery in which so much has been written as on thisbranch—Otology." (Trans. 111. State Med. Soc, 1886, p. 246.) Of his owntime he credited progress to Guyot, Beck, Waxham, Pilcher, Politzer, Moss,Trumbull and Roosa. His own report occupied itself mainly with discussionsof inspissated cerumen and foreign bodies in the ear.The same transactions of the Illinois State Medical Society (page 252)contained an article by S. S. Bishop on "New Methods of Treating Diseasesof the Middle Ear." "These," he said,"attended with increased and pervertedsecretions, the surgeon often feels the need for methods more effectualthan the old ones for evacuating this cavity." Instead of relying on "oldmethods of evacuation by injections into the middle ear, paracentesisof membrana tympani and inflation," he proposed that "the patient closesthe mouth and nostrils and exhausts the air in the nasopharynx by astrong inspiratory act." He felt that secretions would be ejected throughthe eustachian tube into the pharynx.In the 1885 Transactions of the Illinois State Medical Society (page 142)Professor Waxham discussed a paper by J.P. Matthews on tracheotomyand said: "Mr. President, I am convinced that in the case of stenosis of thetrachea, tracheotomy may be performed successfully by introducing thetube into the larynx, leaving it in situ and allowing the patient to breathe
IOtolaryngology 897through this tube until the external opening closes." It is possible that inthis he was describing what later became the practice of intubation.In an article entitled "The Earl) History of Intubation of the Larynxin Chicago" (Soc. Med. Hist. Bull., Oct. i, 1911) Dr. F. E. Waxham, thenliving in Denver, said that the first intubation performed iu Chicago andthe first done in private practice was performed by him on Api il 19, iSS-.He stated that Dr. O'Dwyer of New York had been able to save his infantsin the Foundling Asylum from death by suffocation(diphtheria) but thatthey later died of toxemia or by extension to the respiratory tract, and thathe had saved only one of the first fifty. In Chicago, four of the first elevenwere saved, and eventually Dr. Waxham was able to save over 300 children.Most of his patients were seen almost in extremis and recovery from "membranouscroup," as diphtheria was then called, was the exception in thosedays. His instruments were crude, but they represented the patient study,skill and genius of O'Dwyer. Dr. Waxham had never seen an intubationperformed. He wrote: "In those busy days life was hardly worth living asfar as any comfort, rest or pleasure was concerned." He often had eightor ten patients at a time and had to go to all sides of the city. Often aftera long drive he had to return to replace a tube that had been coughedout, and he drove from Grand Boulevard to Western Avenue three timesin one night to replace one. His patients were referred to him through thecourtesy of other physicians; many of them were dead on arrival, andothers were moribund. The above paper by Waxham isa classic and deservesspecial emphasis. It is one of the earliest and best accounts of intubationfor diphtheria. It includes the experiences of doctors during the horseand buggy days and years before the discovery of antitoxin.In 1887, E. Fletcher Ingals, then Professor of Laryngology, Rush MedicalCollege; Professor of Diseases of the Throat and Chest, Woman's MedicalCollege, Chicago, presented a report of a special committee on Diseases ofthe Throat and Nose. (Trans. 111. State Med. Soc, p. 182.) Here he discussedat length "Epistaxis" which he considered the effort of nature to relieveplethora. R. Tilley took issue and considered it "as an evidence of a weakpoint in the nose, which should be sought out and remedied."In 1887 Dr. Seth S. Bishop of Chicago, described an operative technic formastoid disease. (Trans. 111. State Med. Soc, 1887, p. 194.) Apparently thiswas not performed unless external swelling appeared. Three-fourths of hiscases were cured and the other one-fourth had benefitted by surgery.pointed out that Nature's method of disposing of diseased bone was slowand uncertain and did not prevent intracranial complications. In histechnic the wound was closed, to which Dr. R. Tilley voiced his objectionsin discussion.He
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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114 History of Jiledical Practice i
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Page 306 and 307: CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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3526IndexReed, Dr. Carlos I., 403Re
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5 s8 IndexStrong, Dr. R. M., Histor
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History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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