History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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168 History of Medical Practice in Illinoiswas found, and the patient refused to permit nephrectomy. (The anesthetic,if any, was not stated.) The patient, however, obtained complete relief ofsymptoms after operation!Colles' fracture was discussed. An autopsy had been performed on awoman who had died following a fall from a window. Excellent anatomicaldescriptions of the wrist were made, and the author supplemented this bysome experiments on the arm of a cadaver. He concluded: "The autopsyand subsequent experiment render it evident that we have, in the injuryusually known as Colles' fracture, not a mere break of the bone, but a luxationto deal with." For treatment he suggested that the patient may or maynot be etherized. A method of reduction similar to that now in vogue wasminutely described. Dr. Gunn then described his method of reducing dislocations,citing a case involving the distal phalanx of the thumb. Hismethod was "to place the dislocated member as nearly as possible in theidentical position which characterized it at the moment of escape from thejoint." The joint should then reduce easily, quickly and quietly. Dr. Gunncontinued: "A well developed laboring man, with a dislocation of the terminalphalanx of the right thumb backwards and outwards, which had occurredfive hours previously, was seen by several medical men who had unsuccessfullyessayed a reduction. Amongst these Irecognized at least oneexpert surgeon. I also made the attempt, after the usual manner of reducingphalangeal dislocation, and though extreme effort was made, I, too, was unsuccessfulin first attempt. A little reflection recalled the fact that the tendonof the long flexor is inserted into the anterior surface of the very base of thephalanx and that from its position in the dislocation, it (the tendon) mustbe hooked around the side of the head of the first phalanx; while from theproximity of that portion of the tendon which was in constant contact withthe side of the head to the front of insertion in the luxated bone, all ordinaryefforts at reduction only more forcibly hooked the tendon in its abnormalposition. I determined to act upon this view of the case, and, soconfident did I feel in the correctness of my position, I determined to takehim before the medical class for the trial. Seizing the first phalanx with myleft hand, with my right I carried the luxated bone still further outwards,then forwards and lastly inwards, all by one semicircular motion, by whichmeans reduction was almost immediately accomplished." Dr. Arthur D.Bevan, later Professor of Surgery at Rush Medical College, who had beenone of Gunn's assistants, taught this method all through his teaching career.It was a great contribution to dislocations by this Illinois surgeon.1871Dr. Andrews was chairman of the Committee on Surgery. Dr. Princereported again on plastic and orthopedic surgery. A new method of operat-
General Surgery 169ing upon phimosis, copied from Erickson, was described. Transplantationof cuticle for healing of chronic ulcer was reported by Dr. Prince whostated that "these transplantations failed in the presence of suppuration."Inhalation anesthesia was discussed. Chloroform was said then to beSy 2 times more dangerous than sulphuric ether. Dr. Fitch admitted his preferencefor ether. This year probably represented the first more or lessgeneral change to ether from chloroform.Dr. Andrews recommended a row of gas jetsan endoscope for use in the urethra and other parts.10 inches long to illuminate(This may well havebeen the first conception of modern cystoscopy.)A report on a fracture bed was made by Dr. C. Truesdale of Rock Island.This consisted of a double inclined plane with a pelvic post inserted againstthe femur and was adjustable. "In treating oblique and compound fracturesof the leg, when there is shortening, extension (he meant traction) is madethrough the medium of the foot board and counter-extension by the thighplane.In treating compound fractures of the leg, I place it in a shallowfracture box made of wood or tin, partly filled with bran, which makes thebest possible cushion for the leg.Extension can be made as early and effectuallyas without it."Dr. Kittoe of Galena reported on a new apparatus for fracture of thebars connecting below the foot by a cross bar.leg consisting of two steelA foot piece on this fitted with a threaded bar could be attached to adhesivestraps for traction. Counter-extension was made by two pads attached torods by set screws which rested against the bulge of the side of the knee.This could be suspended like Smith's anterior splint.Dr. Andrews exhibited a new mouth gag. In a most timely paper he alsodeclared that he had abandoned the use of chloroform in Mercy Hospitalnine years before because it was dangerous in surgery. But it was acceptablein midwifery. He now used sulphuric ether. Recently this same change hadbeen made at the Cook County Hospital. There was at that time no largehospital in Chicago using chloroform as its anesthetic. He published a listof collected anesthesia administration from the United States and fromEurope: 92,815 anesthesias by ether, 117,078 by chloroform of which 43died, a ratio mortality of 1:2723.Dr. Prince presented a report on orthopedic surgery. He also talked atlength on how "to disinfect sutures and ligatures." He said that "the superiorityof silver sutures had been established but that it was still desirableto obtain the flexibility of linen, silk and cotton with the non-irritatingcharacter of silver. ... If we can have a suture which is as unirritating tothe living tissue as silver wire, and in addition to this negative quality ofnot exciting inflammation is also a disinfectant(having a positive qualityof preventing putrefaction), we have an improvement upon the silver wire."
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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i3 Zvibxxtt to Br. 30. 3L ©abteTHI
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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12 History of Medical Practice in I
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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CHAPTER XIIIOTOLARYNGOLOGYBy ALFRED
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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524IndexParkes, Dr. Charles T., 181
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