History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

406 History of Medical Practice in Illinoisapprenticed under Brainard and was graduated from Rush in 1848. Hebecame Professor of Anatomy in 1855, which implies that Herrick musthave taught physiology until his retirement, at which time Hosmer A. Johnsonwas made Professor of Physiology and Pathology. According to Weaver,Freer left Chicago in 1871 but the catalogs listed him through 1877. Itis not known how long Dr. Johnson functioned, but the catalog in 1868listed Freer again as Professor of Physiology and Microscopic Anatomy.In 1875, F. L. Wadsworth was made Adjunct Professor of Physiology andMicroscopic Anatomy, and was listed in the Rush catalog through 1882.Henry M. Lyman received the medical degree from Columbia in 1861.Ten years later he was named Professor of Chemistry in Rush MedicalCollege, but in 1878 his title was changed to Professor of Physiology andNervous Diseases. In 1891 he confined his work to medicine entirely. AfterWadsworth left, E. S. Talbot was listed as Lecturer on Dental Anatomy andPhysiology, and the following year Edward P. Davis appeared as Lectureron Physiology and Histology. In 1886, the name of Albert J.Ochsner wasadded, and the following year Davis's name was omitted. Lyman, Talbotand Ochsner worked through the session of 1887; then Talbot dropped out,and the name of Harold N. Moyer appeared instead.After Lyman was transferred toMedicine, John M. Dodson succeededto the title of Professor of Physiology with William A. Locy and ArchibaldFreer as staff members. Although Rush affiliated with the University ofChicago in 1897, the catalogs carried Dodson's name until 1901 whenJacques Loeb, for several years previously in charge of physiology atUniversity, was listed in the Rush announcements as Professor of Physiology.All of the physiologists up to the time of Loeb gave purely didacticinstruction with little attempt even to demonstrate physiologic principles.Assistants or adjunct professors gave only instruction of microscopy in thelaboratory.From the Rush catalog for 1896, the following examination questionswere taken; from them, one can obtain a fairly good idea of the scope andpoint of view prevailing, not only in Rush but in most of the schools ofthat period. The questions reveal not only the elementary level of informationimparted, but also the methods of instruction and evaluation.Questions for Examination of Freshmen in Physiology1. Describe the gross and microscopic structure of voluntary muscle.2. Name the inorganic proximate principle of the human body, and state whereeach of the chief ones is most abundant.3. Describe fully the red corpuscle.4. Describe the sounds due to the heart action, the causes of each, and name theevents in the cardiac cycle accompanying each.the