History of medical practice in Illinois - Bushnell Historical Society

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238 History of Medical Practice in Illinoisfrom the medical centers in the eastern United States and from abroad,especially from England, Germany and France.Bacteriology, pathology and a knowledge of anesthetic drugs did muchto round out the medical education of these men and to help them betterunderstand the fundamental problems involved in specialized obstetricand gynecologic cases. As yet, however, the facilities for proper study inthese branches were woefully lacking. Proper management in the home hadimproved but still left much to be desired. Only a few of the more seriousand complicated cases were admitted to the hospitals which were not wellequipped to care for maternity cases.While there were no institutions which could be called lying-in hospitalsin the state at that time, there were men who knew what should be done toremedy the difficulties and who pointed them out clearly. The fruits oftheir early efforts were already beginning to be discerned by the end of thecentury in the form of better educational facilities, better hospitals, anda better understanding of the problems by the nursing profession and thelaity.Stimulated by a common interest,these pioneer physicians banded togetherto form the first gynecological society in Illinois. By their jointefforts much wheat, as it were, already separated from the chaff, was movingwestward from its origin in England, Germany and France and from thelarge eastern centers of medical education in this country. It was greatlyto their credit that in practically every instance, they evaluated new ideascorrectly and passed on by their endorsement only those which have provedvaluable.Reading between the lines, we are conscious of the efforts which theseearly men put forth to found in Illinois schools, hospitals and postgraduatefacilities which have compared favorably with the best in the United States.It is significant that they did this on their own time without direct financialremuneration, often contributing money as well as effort to the establishmentof what they felt was good for the community and for medicine. Wehonor and thank them for their accomplishments, and in the words of theimmortal Lincoln, "dedicate ourselves to the great unfinished task whichthey who struggled here have thus far so nobly advanced."
CHAPTER XCONTAGIOUS DISEASESBy ARCHIBALD L.HOYNE, M.D.TOIntroductionunderstand the problem of transmissible diseases in Illinois prior to1900, it is necessary to note several important facts. In the first place,there appears to have been no special instruction relating to communicablediseases in any of the medical schools; acute infections were grouped togetherand included with the didactic courses in general medicine, andclinical material was not available, even for a limited number of students.Moreover, an internship was not then required to qualify for the practiceof medicine, and physicians often embarked upon their chosen professionwithout ever having seen a case of contagious disease. Again, there was atotal lack of isolation hospitals of any type in Illinois until1854. At thistime a hospital for contagious disease patients in Illinois was built atRock Island at a cost of 3467.09. An interesting account of this institutionis given in "The Doctors' Story," published recently by the Rock IslandCounty Medical Society; the following is quoted from the article: "Calleda 'hospital,' it is in reality a pest house for the isolation of patients withhighly contagious diseases. The building was large, 25 by 47 feet in areaand 12 feet high." In the early days of its existence, cholera was the principaldisease for which patients were admitted, but in later years it becamea smallpox hospital. Also, near the close of the century, a hospital was builtin Chicago for the exclusive care of smallpox. 1• In 1927, the State Department of Public Health of Illinois published The Rise andFall of Disease in Illinois. It was prepared by the then State Director of Public Health, I. D.Rawlings, M.D., in collaboration with W. A. Evans, Gottfried Koehler and B. K. Richardson.This volume contains the history of transmissible and infectious diseases in Illinoistogether with an analysis, amply illustrated by charts and tables, of all available healthdata from the advent of the white man up to approximately 1927. Since the State ofIllinois has thus made available this comprehensive report together with references tothe literature, it seemed adequate in Volume II of "The History of Medical Practice inIllinois" to present the Chapter on Contagious Diseases in an abbreviated form. Dr.Hoyne, who is well qualified in the fields of practical medicine and public health,consented to do this. He graduated from Rush Medical College in 1904. For many yearshe has been the Director of the Chicago Municipal Hospital for Contagious Diseases.He also has a large consulting practice.—Editor1On page 72 of Volume I of History of Medical Practice in Illinois by Zeuch, thereappears this statement: Dr. George Fisher "erected a house of refuge on his plantationsix miles from Kaskaskia which was the first record of institutional care of this dread239
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HISTORY OFMEDICAL PRACTICEIN ILLINO
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PREFACEVARIOUS members of the Illin
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Prefaceixall of its local health de
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PrefacexiDr. E. A. Piszczek, Chicag
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THEEDITOR'S FOREWORDperiod 1850 to
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Editor's Forewordxvand 650 he comme
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xviiiXVIII.XIX.Medical Bacteriology
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONBy DAVID J.DAV
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Introduction 5Smillie 3 wrote on ep
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CHAPTER IIMEDICAL GEOGRAPHY OF ILLI
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Medical Geography of Illinois 9geol
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Medical Geography of Illinois 15had
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Medical Geography of Illinois 17of
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Fig. i. Places and regions in Illin
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Medical Geography of Illinois 21ref
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Medical Geography of Illinois 23Cha
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i„r»-l ll'urlnllli• A i!.n»Ut
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CHAPTER IIITHE HARDY PIONEER:HOW HE
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CHAPTER IVORGANIZATION OF THE ILLIN
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CHAPTER VIIINTERNAL MEDICINEBy GEOR
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CHAPTER XIVDERMATOLOGYBy B.BARKER B
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CHAPTER XVNEUROPSYCHIATRYBy OSCAR H
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CHAPTER XXIVMEDICAL JOURNALISM IN I
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APPENDIXMISCELLANEOUS NOTESAddition
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5ioIndexAntifebrin, 138, 139Antipyr
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5 1 * Index159, 163, 190, 284; Amer
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5HCollege of Medicine, University o
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516 IndexEpidemics, 5, 507Epileptic
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15 i8 IndexHarris, Dr. J. O., 115Ha
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5 2 ° IndexJacobson, Dr. Daniel Si
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522Index456, 457; Privately Endowed
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