Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 978expressions to a structurally higher position in the logical form, one also speaks of(quantifier) raising.ReferencesBech, G. 1955/7. Studien uber das deutsche Verbum infinitum, 2 vols. Copenhagen. (Repr.Tübingen. 1983.)Olsen, S. 1981. Problems of ‘seem/scheinen’ constructions and their implications for the theory ofpredicate sentential complementation. Tübingen.Postal, P.M. 1974. On raising: one rule of English grammar and its theoretical implications.Cambridge, MA.transformational grammarraising vs loweringSound change in vowels that results from a change in the place of articulation througha higher or lower tongue position ( vowel chart); usually conditioned throughassimilation to neighboring high/low vowels ( umlaut, vowel harmony) orconsonants; to be sure, some environment-free raising (particularly in the lower longvowels) and lowering (particularly in the higher extreme vowels in informal, ‘careless’speech) are possible.ReferenceDonegan, P.J. 1978. On the natural phonology of vowels. Columbus, OH.sound change