Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 1126triads: (a) sememe, lexeme, morpheme, phoneme, and others as abstract emic units (etic vs emic analysis); (b) semon, lexon, phonon, among others, as constitutive elementsof the abstract units; and (c) sema, lex, phone, among others, as the material realization.The terminological neologisms and notational system of stratificational grammar areextremely complex. There is to date no complete representation of a language thatexhaustively employs this theoretical apparatus.ReferencesHartmann, R.R.K. 1973. The language of linguistics: reflections on linguistic terminology withparticular reference to ‘level’ and ‘rank.’ Tübingen.Hockett, C.F. 1966. Language, mathematics and linguistics. In T.A.Sebeok (ed.), Current trends inlinguistics, vol. 3: Theoretical linguistics. The Hague. 155–204.Lamb, S.M. 1966. Outline of stratificational grammar. Washington, DC.Lockwood, D.G. 1972. Introduction to stratificational linguistics. New York.Sampson, G. 1970. Stratificational grammar: a definition as an example. The Hague.BibliographyFleming, I. 1969. Stratificational theory: an annotated bibliography. JEngL 3.37–65.stratum1 Level of classification whose elements define the elements of the next highest level.For example, morphophonemes are defined by phonemes.2 In S.M.Lamb’s stratificational grammar, structural levels which are orderedhierarchically and have a systematic character: the lowest level corresponds tophonology (=hypophonemic and phonemic stratum); the intermediate level correspondsto syntax (=morphemic and lexemic stratum); and the highest level corresponds tosemantics (=sememic and hypersememic stratum).stratificational grammarReferences