Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 790natural serializationword orderNavahoNavajoNavajo (also Navaho)Na-Dené language from the Athabaskan family, belonging to the Apache languages, withapprox. 140,000 speakers, esp. in Arizona.Characteristics: tonal language (high and low tone) with complex consonant system.The verbs are morphologically complex (subject agreement, marking of aspect, mood,evidentiality, etc.); many portmanteau morphemes and suppletive formations. Thenumeral system is complex, with a dual, and plural forms marked on the verb that expressrepeated events or difference of the participants. Like many other Apache languages,Navajo possesses classifying verbs as well as a switch reference system (differentiationbetween proximate vs obviative personal pronouns.ReferencesYoung, R.W. and W.Morgan. 1987. The Navajo language. A grammar and colloquial dictionary.2nd edn. Albuquerque, NM. (Repr. 1991).Na-Dene, North and Central American languagesnecessitationallegationnegation [Lat. negare ‘to say that…not,deny’]1 In formal logic, logical particles—defined as one-place predicates by the truthtables—that convert the truth value of a proposition p into its opposite truth value(notation: ¬p or ~p); that is, ¬p is true if and only if p is false and vice versa. Tokyo is thecapital of Japan is true if and only if Tokyo is not the capital of Japan is false. The term