Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 196cognate object [Lat. cognatus ‘related bybirth’]Object that is etymologically or semantically related to the verb on which it is dependent,e.g. to sleep the sleep of the simple, to die a cruel death. Cognate objects cannot normallybe passivized: *A cruel death was died by him.ReferenceBaron, N.S. 1971. On defining ‘cognate object.’ Glossa 51.71–98.cognitive grammar [Lat. cognitio‘acquaintance; comprehension’]Cognitive grammar attempts to describe language by what is known about cognitiveprocesses. In this view, grammar is no longer an autonomous system, but rather serves tostructure and symbolize conceptual content. Lexical, morphological, and syntactic unitsare altogether symbolic units and can only be assigned to different components in arelatively arbitrary manner. Meaning is equated with conceptualization, in whichsemantic structures are characterized only according to elementary cognitive realms, suchas the experience of time or space. In particular, it is the task of the linguist to investigatethe possibilities of alternative linguistic structures for a perceptual or conceptualsituation.ReferencesLangacker, R.W. 1986. An introduction to cognitive grammar. CSc 10. 1–40.——1987–99. Foundations of cognitive grammar, 2 vols. Stanford, CA.——1990. Concept, image and symbol: the cognitive basis of grammar. Berlin and New York.Lange, K.-P. 1985. Language and cognition: an essay on cognitive grammar. Tübingen.