Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 1004sound change) does not result in synchronously alternating surface forms. Consequently,this innovation cannot be acquired by children as a new or modified rule or series ofrules, but rather takes place as a reorganization of the grammar; the original innovationsare then understood to be part of the underlying forms.ReferencesKing, R. 1969. Historical linguistics and generative grammar. Frankfurt.Traugott, E.C. 1976. On the notion restructuring in historical syntax. In D.D.Bornstein (ed.),Reader in the theory of grammar: From the seventeenth to the twentieth century. Cambridge.94–103.Vennemann, T. 1974. Restructuring. Lingua 33.137–56.resultative (also accomplishment,achievement, conclusive, delimitative,effective, egressive, finitive, telic,terminative)Verbal aspect which forms a subclass of non-duratives ( durative vs non-durative).Resultatives are verbs which refer to an event that comes to a conclusion, e.g. to kill, tocut up, to burn down, to find, to eat an apple. Resultative verbs or constructions can berecognized from the fact that their imperfective variants (He was eating an apple) do notlogically imply the perfective variant: *He ate the apple. In contrast, with a nonresultativeverb such as to dance (He was dancing when I entered the room), theperfective variant follows logically: He danced. ( also telic vs atelic)ReferencesNedjalkov, V.P. (ed.) 1988. Typology of resultative constructions. Amsterdam.aspectretroflex (also cacuminal)Speech sound classified according to its articulator (apical) and its place ofarticulation (post-alveolar). In the articulation of a retroflex, the tip of the tongue is bent