Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 844ReferencesBühler, K. 1934. Sprachtheorie. Jena. (Repr. Stuttgart, 1965.)Innis, R.E. (trans.) 1982. Karl Bühler: semiotic foundations of language theory. New York.origin of languageThere are various hypotheses or assumptions about the origin of language, none of whichcan be verified through linguistic theory. Relatively certain knowledge about languagegoes back approx. 5,000 to 6,000 years, but the development of humankind stretches overan assumed period of a million years. Thus, all hypotheses on language origin such as,among others, (a) the ‘onomatopoeic’ theory (imitation of animal sounds,onomatopoeia), (b) the ‘interjective’ theory (origin of language in the expression ofemotions), or (c) the ‘synergastic’ theory (origin of language through co-operation inwork) remain completely speculative and confirm J. Herder’s paradoxical formulation:‘Humans are only human through l anguage, but in order to invent language, they wouldalready have to be human’ (Gesammelte Schriften, VII, 47).ReferencesArmstrong, D.F. et al. 1995. Gesture and the nature of language. Cambridge.Bickerton, D. 1990. Language and species. Chicago, IL.Harnad, S., H.Steklis, and J.Lancaster (eds) 1976. Origins and evolution of language and speech.New York.Hawkins, J.A. and M.Gell-Mann (eds). 1992. The evolution of human language. Reading, MA.Herder, J.G. 1772. Abhandlung über die Ursprünge der Sprache. Berlin.Hockett, C.F. 1960. The origin of speech. Scientific American 203. 88–96.Landsberg, M.E. (ed.) 1988. The genesis of language: a different judgement of evidence. Berlin andNew York.Lenneberg, E.H. (ed.) 1964. New directions in the study of language. Cambridge, MA.——1967. Biological foundations of language. New York.Lenneberg, E.H. and E.Lenneberg (eds) 1976. Foundations of language development: amultidisciplinary approach, Vol. I. New York.Lieberman, P. 1975. On the origins of language: an introduction to the evolution of human speech.New York.Puppel, S. (ed.). 1995. The biology of language. Amsterdam and Philadelphia.Raffler-Engel, W.von, J.Wind, and A.Jonker (eds) 1989. Studies in language origins, vol. 2.Amsterdam and Philadelphia.Rosenkranz, B. 1971. Vom Ursprung der Sprache, 2nd edn. Heidelberg.Rousseau, J.-J. and J.G.Herder. 1986. On the origin of language, trans. J.H. Moran and A. Gode.Chicago, IL.Wescott, R.W. (ed.) 1974. Language origins. Silver Spring, MD.Wind, J. et al. (eds) 1989–94. Studies in language origins, 3 vols. Amsterdam and Philadelphia.——et al. (eds) 1991. Language origin: a multidisciplinary approach. Dordrecht.