Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 902phonotagmemePhonotactic unit ( etic vs emic analysis) that constitutes a morphologically relevantcombination of phonemes on the level of parole ( langue vs parole) and which—incontrast to phonotagms—is semantically distinct from other phonotagms, e.g. ablaut insing vs song. ( also phonotactics)phrase [Grk phrásis ‘expression’]1 Term for word groups without a finite verb that belong together syntactically. Incontrast, the term ‘clause’ denotes a syntactic construction with a finite verb; thus clausestands hierarchically between phrase and sentence. ( X-bar theory)2 In phrase structure grammar, the term ‘phrase’ stands for a set of syntacticelements which form a constituent (=relatively independent group of words). The mostimportant phrases are noun phrases (consisting of nominal expressions withcorresponding attributive modifiers: Philip, good old Philip, he, Philip, who is adreamer), verb phrases (dreams, sees the fire, thinks that he’s right), prepositionalphrases (on the table) among others. ( also adjective phrase, determiner phrase)phrase markerThe representation of the phrase structure of a sentence by a tree diagram or bylabeled bracketing.phrase structure (abbrev. PS)The result of an immediate constituent analysis of a phrase. The PS of a sentence is theresult of the hierarchical ordering of its constituents, as depicted in a tree diagram.phrase structure grammarReferences