Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 706——1982b. Logical relations in Chinese and the theory of grammar. Dissertation, Cambridge, MA.Huang, C.T. and R.May (eds) 1991. Logical structure and linguistic structure. Dordrecht.Kayne, R. 1981. Two notes on the NIC. In A.Belletti, L.Brandi, and L.Rizzi (eds), Theory ofmarkedness in generative grammar. Pisa. 317–46.Ladusaw, W. 1983. Logical form and conditions on grammaticality. Ling&P 6. 373–92.May, R. 1977. The grammar of quantification. Dissertation, Cambridge, MA.——1985. Logical form: its structure and deriva-tion. Cambridge, MA.Williams, E. 1977. Discourse and logical form. LingI 8.101–39.logical grammarsIn computational linguistics, generative grammar formalisms taken from logicprogramming. Definite clause grammar, metamorphosis grammar, and extrapositiongrammar also belong in this category.logical implicationimplicationlogical languageformal languagelogical particlelogical connectivelogical semanticsOriginally used as a designation for semantic investigations on artificially constructedlanguages in the framework of formal logic; in more recent linguistic models, logicalsemantics refers to the description of semantic structures in natural languages, to thedegree that they are implemented with the tools of mathematical logic (=formal logic).The artificial languages, developed since the middle of the nineteenth century by Boole,De Morgan, and Frege, have the following advantages over natural languages: clarity,exactness, and a one-to-one correspondence of syntactic and semantic structures. Anattempt to transfer the principles of semantic interpretation developed for artificial