Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics.pdf

Dictionary of language and linguistics 380ESLAbbreviation, used primarily in North America, for ‘English as a Second Language.’ Thisterm is gradually being replaced by ‘ESOL’ (English for Speakers of Other Languages).( also foreign vs second language)ESOLESLEsperantoArtificial language invented by the Warsaw optometrist L.L.Zamenhof (pseudonym‘Esperanto’=‘he who hopes’). Thought to be the most successful interlingua ofinternational understanding, Esperanto consists of a very simple phonetic-phonological,morphological, and syntactic structure. Its vocabulary is based on a mixture of Romanceand Germanic word stems (originally numbering some 3,500) which can be combinedwith ten prefixes and twenty-seven suffixes ( also agglutinating language). Itsgrammar consists of sixteen rules, which have no exceptions.ReferencesCourtinat, L. 1964–5. Historio de Esperanto, 3 vols. Agen.Forster, P.G. 1981. The Esperanto movement. The Hague.Zamenhof, L.L. 1929. Lingvo internacia. In J.Dietterle (ed.), Originala verkaro de L.L. Zamenhof.Leipzig. (Original 1887).BibliographyTonkin, H. 1967. A research bibliography on Esperanto and international language problems.New York.