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INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY 7th JOINT - IOA

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44 W. Leschhorn, NomKhron, v. 16, 1997, p. 90-91: “Olympic or Isolympic Games<br />

are known in about 38 Greek cities, Pythian or isopythian Games in about 33 and<br />

Aktia or Isaktia in about 15. The cities had sent delegates to Olympia, Delphi or<br />

Nikopolis and asked the priests there for permission to hold games according to<br />

their rules and to use the same names and similar prizes”.<br />

45 See the coin from Miletos during the reign of Commodus with the inscription:<br />

“DIDYMA COMMODEIA MILESION”, where the ancient Didymeia in honour of<br />

Apollo were connected with the Emperor.<br />

46 It is known that Alexander the Great chose the sacred area of Olympia, to<br />

announce the Exiles’ Decree (Diod. Sic., Library, 17.109.1-2) and Herodotus, to<br />

aloud his History.<br />

47 Lysias, Olympic Oration, 1-2: “Among many noble feats, gentlemen, for which it<br />

is right to remember Hercules, we ought to recall the fact that he was the first, in his<br />

affection for the Greeks, to convene this contest. For previously the cities regarded<br />

each other as strangers. But he, when he had crushed despotism and arrested<br />

outrage, founded a contest of bodily strength, a challenge of wealth, and a display of<br />

intelligence in the fairest part of Greece […] because he judged that our assembly<br />

here would be a beginning of mutual amity amongst the Greeks” (translation by<br />

W.R.M. Lamb, London 1930).<br />

48 Hdt. 8.26.3<br />

BIBLIOGRAPHY<br />

• ANDRONICOS, M., “The role of Athletics in the Education of the Young”, in<br />

N. Yalouris (ed.), The Eternal Olympics, 1979, 41-65.<br />

• BOLLANSÉE, J., “Aristotle and Hermippos of Smyrna on the Foundation of<br />

the Olympic Games and the Institution of the Sacred tree” in Mnemosyne, series<br />

IV, v. LII, 5 (1999), 562-566.<br />

• FINKELBERG, M., “Virtue and Circumstance: On the City-State Concept of<br />

Arete”, in AJPh 123.1 (2002), 35-49.<br />

• GARDINER, E.N., Athletics of the ancient world, Chicago 1978, 4-27.<br />

• HARRIS, H.A., Greek Athletes & Athletics, London 1964.<br />

• HARRISON, J.E., Daemon & Hero, in the THEMIS, A Study of the Social<br />

Origins of Greek Religion, transl. In Greek by E. Papadopoulou, Athens 1997.<br />

• HOFFMANN, O., Die Makedönen, Göttingen 1906, 93.<br />

• KAKRIDES, I. TH., (supervision), Greek Mythology, v. 3 (The Heroes. Local<br />

traditions), v. 4 (Hercules. The Panhellenic Expeditions), v. 5 (The Trojan War),<br />

Athens 1986.<br />

• KYLE, D.G., “Games, Prizes, and Athletes in Greek Sport: Patterns and<br />

Perspectives (1975-1997)”, in CB 74.2 (1998), 103-127.<br />

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