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viii LUBOML The Porter Yisroel Leichter 186 An Episode Mord che Kandelshteyn 187 Chayimke the Water-Carrier Basye Cohen (Zilberman) 188 Types and Scenes Efrayim Lerner 189 Avrom Blushteyn Yisroel Garmi 198 In Memory of My Father Victor Lichtmacher 202 SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES Outside Influences on Local Youth Groups and on Cultural and Zionist Activities Yisroel Garmi 203 The Bells of Redemption Nathan Tchelet (Blumen) 206 Education and Culture in Luboml 1916-1928 Nechome Blei (Wiener) 207 Important Cultural Activities Yechezlciel Kahn 209 The Kotsker Shtibl Is Ours! Arye Zagagi (Glazer) 212 Beitar in Luboml Yakov Hetman 214 The Hebrew Home of Yakov Blumen Nathan Tchelet (Blumen) 219 Kibbutz Klosova Menachem Kornfeld 222 Letter from a Hebrew Teacher, 1939 M. Kaufman 224 ON THE THRESHOLD OF DESTRUCTION On the Eve of the Holocaust Yehuda Kreyn 226 The First Three Days of the War Yisroel Leichter 228 The Russian Occupation Menachem Rubinshteyn 230 Under Soviet Rule Shmuel-Yakov Landsman 232 The Soviet Authorities Yisroel Leichter 233 A Communist Regime Wolf Sheynwald 236 As Refugees in Luboml Rochl Meltzer 237 Refugee Relief Bela Buz 238 Oil Production in the Ghetto Nathan Sobel 239 Features and Profiles Yehuda Kreyn 240 The Journey from Spiritual Destruction to Total Annihilation M. Lifshitz 243 THE ANNIHILATION Chronology of Destruction Nathan Sobel 247 Behind the Barbed Wire of Death Chayim Rozenblit 254 The First Victim Yehuda Reich 261 Twenty Who Were Saved Chaye Koltun-Pozner 262 During the Horrible Days Yakov Elfant 263 I Saw This with My Own Eyes Masha Rubyovitsh (Astik) 265 Press Articles about the Kovalchuk Brothers 267 I Was a Young Girl during the Holocaust Regina Tigel (Bloovshteyn) 272 Uhde: Principal Murderer of the Town's Jews Moyshe Bargrum 274 Witness to the Destruction of Luboml Rochl Leichter 276 From the Book of the Prophet Ezekiel 279 THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE Death Waiting at Every Step Pesye Avers (Elfant) 280 Rescued from the Big Fire Rochl Gutman (Sandlboym) 285 Beyond the Borders of Death Avrom Getman 290 In the Claws of the Gestapo Chane Achtman (Kroyt) 294 With An "Aryan" Face Esther Brod Milshteyn 297 A Miraculous Rescue Sonya Shumlak 298 On a Ukrainian Passport Shmuel and Kreyndl Katz 299 Calamities in Our Hiding Places Regina Alex (Rivke Gershenberg) 302 In the Shadow of Death Chaike Koltun-Pozner 303 Running from Death Rochl Leichter-Weysman 304 A Prisoner of War with the Germans and the Russians Velvl Royzman 309 Six Brave Men Harry Bergerbest 314 Partisan Hymns 315
FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FORESTS The Uprising at Sobibor Yisroel Posner 316 In the Ghetto, in the Forest, and with the Partisans Wolf Sheynwald 323 As a Pole with the Partisans Joseph Karpus (Veytsfrucht) 331 With the Red Army Dovid Melamed 343 On a Dangerous Mission Mendl Zilberman 345 Chayim Rozenblit: Partisan and Soldier in the War of Liberation Nathan Tchelet (Blumen) 347 CONTENTS ix The Formation and Activities of the Libivner Society in New York Velvl Royzman 367 Our Dear Yakov Hetman Yisroel Garmi 370 Memorial Prayer: In Memory of the Holocaust Martyrs 373 Names of Martyrs from Luboml and Environs 375 The Fallen Soldiers of Our Town and Its Environs, Who Fought in the Yom Kippur War 394 APPENDIXES THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIFE Encyclopedia articles about Luboml 398 Arise, Then, All Ye Slain Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Brink Chayim Nuri 348 of Doom Aaron Ziegelman 402 Through The Fire Simche Gitelis 349 A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant The Fight for a Child Memories Jane Ziegelman 404 Shmuel and Kreyndl Katz 351 The Sheltering Sky Activist Nachman Weissman Toby Axelrod 408 Israel Leichter 353 Finding Libivne Fred Wasserman 410 From Village to Village Yisroel Shicht The Parents Who Did Not Make It 355 A Still-Life Shtetl Toby Axelrod. The Road to Luboml Toby Axelrod 413 416 Aiye Oron (Shtern) 357 Building An Exhibition The Activities of the Benevolent Society of Luboml and the Surrounding Areas Toby Axelrod Letter From Ukraine: Documenting 421 Shmuel Fuks Libivner Jews in Argentina 359 Luboml Aaron Ziegelman An Effort to Restore Jewish Memory 423 Zelik Faigen 363 Gustav Niebuhr 426
Page 1 and 2: ...\* t 4 0-4. 14;51L- 4,sts,- * c4
Page 4 and 5: ovs.4 LAO c ST. f.rx to, r POST 0.
Page 7 and 8: Previous pages: The Great Synagogue
Page 9 and 10: 11. o. o , _J Jr- ,a0 _ A -;-.
Page 11: Foreword to the English Translation
Page 15 and 16: FOREWORD TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
Page 17: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO THE ORIGINAL YIZ
Page 21 and 22: HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
Page 23 and 24: HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
Page 25 and 26: THE EARLY DAYS THE HISTORY OF LUBOM
Page 27 and 28: egion, robbing, plundering, and mur
Page 29 and 30: More striking is the comparison wit
Page 31 and 32: il'7t*/ l'53'Iti,1 1,1" 3, trnn,,$3
Page 33 and 34: for other local revenue. In 1611, a
Page 35 and 36: history was connected with the regi
Page 37 and 38: (May 5, 1626), he set the following
Page 39 and 40: A craftsman may not keep an apprent
Page 41 and 42: agree, he shall be punished as the
Page 43 and 44: Maidansky" and Ben-Tsiyon Datil." T
Page 45 and 46: Natanson "for making a mistake and
Page 47 and 48: Torah. At the end of his life, he m
Page 49 and 50: answer is more complicated than for
Page 51 and 52: than in any of his previous or late
Page 53 and 54: placed by the Jews of those times u
Page 55 and 56: three rabbis from Amsterdam turned
Page 57 and 58: Lubomla (1617). As usual, there fol
Page 59 and 60: Betsalel son of R. Shloyme of Kobri
Page 61 and 62: against a rival. He signs: "Declare
Page 63 and 64:
and had a pleasant, modern appearan
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1 Slovnik Geografitshny Polsky. 2 D
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written that Reb Gedaliah died in 5
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earth to a great thickness on all s
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ments from the Temple [in Jerusalem
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to their villages singing hoarsely
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THE EARLY DAYS else in a store or a
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the end of Friday evening services
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Forward-looking and enlightened par
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pedestrians. It was filled with the
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synagogue, perplexed as to why they
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these bands, though the town itself
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Epshteyn, who later was replaced by
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The whole district of Libivne had,
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Lyuba Shames-Vishnits, Yehudit Tsur
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I. tr. Members of HeChalutz, 1931.
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Jewish youth were living with a gre
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WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH By Yi
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ullet hadn 't even touched him. Und
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certain extent, even into areas aro
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spread cultural activities that las
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Kochba, which ran for quite some ti
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drim.....10.0010111100.1111111101.1
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Among these youths was a studentsti
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ish residents in captured territori
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pair of horses we'd had since the G
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Hebrew Teachers Come to Our Town As
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In my day there were three rabbis i
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A JEWISH POSTAGE STAMP Luboml-Libiv
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THE ANCIENT LEDGER THAT WENT ASTRAY
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LIFE, RECONSTRUCTION, AND CREATIVIT
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years old. Those trees were cared f
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of worship took upon themselves the
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LUBOML'S ECONOMIC SITUATION UP TO 1
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eal shoes walked barefoot until the
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My hometown Libivne [Luboml], is lo
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There was a Jew, Shamele Protsentni
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I came originally from Volkovisk. S
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Of all the holidays observed in our
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orchard. We often became involved i
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THE JEWS OF THE VILLAGE OF STAVKE B
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A JEWISH DAUGHTER
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One of the most important instituti
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FROM DAILY LIFE 143 fir://,6- -A /)
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THE GREAT SYNAGOGUE By Yakov Hetman
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, .t. ,L., -I F.: FROM DAILY LIFE 1
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THE SYNAGOGUES AND CHASIDIM IN OUR
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The Bet HaMidrash also served as a
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interpret it all by myself. He was
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Three other houses of worship were
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SABBATH EVE IN THE SHTETL By Yitsha
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go into the rebbe's room one by one
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Whenever I reminisce about my homet
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In describing the daily life of our
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leading to the bath itself closed a
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from 150 pounds down to 100 in orde
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When the two men came to fix the wi
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1.-yr} ,.7)15r1 1.6 ',"f)') . :.1"1
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Judging him by his character, we ca
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The story of the rescue of Luboml's
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Dovid Veytsfrucht (London) was know
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then was up in years, though strict
Page 205 and 206:
R. Moyshe Yitshak Kagan R. MOYSHE Y
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Moyshe Fuks, Yitshak Leyb Blumen, L
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°- issue, my older brother Motl, t
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The mill and the electricity-produc
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The whole time I was in America I a
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IIinseauin a short peasant jacket m
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He was also a member of the Chevra
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son, Asher, would always come to hi
Page 221 and 222:
made sheepskin winter hats called k
Page 223 and 224:
E.- The scroll of Esther %IN/1311v
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CHARACTERS AND PERSONALITIES 201 Ra
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SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL A
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EDUCATION AND CULTURE IN LUBOML 191
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IMPORTANT CULTURAL ACTIVITIES By Ye
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THE HEBREW HOME OF YAKOV BLUMEN By
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sleep and only the youth went outsi
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one side and go out on the other si
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forbade refugees in areas less than
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THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES By Yisroel L
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After that I saw many instances whe
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AS REFUGEES IN LUBOML By Rochl Melt
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OIL PRODUCTION IN THE GHETTO By Nat
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several other Jewish young men were
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THE JOURNEY FROM SPIRITUAL DESTRUCT
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Everyone joined in the hunt after t
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THE ANNIHILATION CHRONOLOGY OF DEST
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the brick factory stood and where f
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day we were still 12; todayonly one
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y the German police. Many children,
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their shovels. If they did not, the
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us, and every time we went to work
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Jews have already been taken." But
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The first Jewish victim in Libivne
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DURING THE HORRIBLE DAYS By Yakov E
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I SAW THIS WITH MY OWN EYES By Mash
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PRESS ARTICLES ABOUT THE KOVALCHUK
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From the Tog-Morgn Zhurnal, Wednesd
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attempting to appear to the Philade
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half-hour. Suddenly, an SS man with
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Shtreichera cousin to the one menti
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killed there. In spite of the dange
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FROM THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIE
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her two children, another of his co
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woods. Here they built bunkers in w
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RESCUED FROM THE BIG FIRE By Rochl
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Passover came and a new exterminati
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Moscowa doctor, a prosecutor and tw
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Kampyoni, who had a good relationsh
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pieces of gold with me, and he exch
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coffee house with strange men. Afte
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As soon as the Russian army left, w
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ON A UKRAINIAN PASSPORT By Shmuel a
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milk and asked me what I wanted. I
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IN THE SHADOW OF DEATH By Chaike Ko
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long as I live, I will never forget
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to him longer than with the Grimatl
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A PRISONER OF WAR WITH THE GERMANS
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The schedule was the same as in the
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On our way, we decided to split int
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NEVER SAYZOG NISHT KEINMOL!!! Parti
Page 341 and 342:
FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
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IN THE GHETTO, IN THE FOREST, AND W
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AS A POLE WITH THE PARTISANS By Jos
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waited a few hours, but the Judenra
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The Germans entered Libivne in 1939
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Mendl Zilberman as a Polish soldier
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CHAYIM ROZENBLIT: PARTISAN AND SOLD
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Like all other Jewish shtetls, Libi
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My sister Freyde, the daughter of L
Page 377 and 378:
Nachman Weissman (z"1.) as a soldie
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FROM VILLAGE TO VILLAGE By Yisroel
Page 381 and 382:
THE PARENTS WHO DID NOT MAKE IT By
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THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BENEVOLENT SO
Page 385 and 386:
THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
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LIBIVNER JEWS IN ARGENTINA By Zelik
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THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
Page 393 and 394:
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MEMORIAL PRAYER IN MEMORY OF THE HO
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THESE ARE THE NAMES OF ALL THE HOLY
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Dimetshteyn Avrom; wife; children D
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Frimerman Moyshe; wife, Sosl; child
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Hak Binyomen; wife; children Ben-Ts
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Krelin Meyer-Chayim; wife; children
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Avrom; wife; children Pinye (Tchode
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Privner Motl; wife, Chaye; son, Eli
Page 413 and 414:
Yehuda Moyshe-Yoyne; wife, Roze; so
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Tsvirn Chayim; wife, Malke; son, Sh
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Zhelaznik Beyle (from Dubenko) Zieg
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398 (Y"Y) 10711 11n733 ri4nDi -or ,
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400 Luboml, Lubomla, mko rzad., pow
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Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Br
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A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant
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406 happened, where history explode
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Oct. 1, 1993 The Sheltering Sky How
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April 14, 1995 In 1938 Esther Ziege
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412 also served as a Guest Curator
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414 Luboml's embrace is expansive.
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The Road to Luboml A Writer Retrace
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418 A local official listens, refus
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420 LUBOML and shrieks: "Don't take
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422 her home to see her icons. "She
Page 448 and 449:
424 Mr. Dzei has amassed a formidab
Page 450 and 451:
March 30, 1996 An Effort to Restore
Page 452:
GREAT BRITAIN London* Europe 1937 *
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