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THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIFE ARISE, THEN, ALL YE SLAIN Arise then, all ye slain and all ye persecuted! Arise ye from your graves and from your cellars! Arise through beaches in your borders and your walls! For our nation lives! You could not wipe us off the face of the earth! For our nation lives! Arise ye from your dust, And ye shall march to sounds of blasts of shofars! 348 For you'll find strength from sleep and from your death; For you'll walk firmly, heads held high, Like sons of freedom in your own, your native land! By Chayim Nuri (translated from the Hebrew by Maly Schulman)
Like all other Jewish shtetls, Libivne was not made of rich Jews. Neither was there a lack of poor people. Yet the Jews of Libivne, either individually or as a group, helped their poorer brethren in need. On Fridays some Jews would go by horse and wagon to collect challes [Sabbath bread] for the poor, who would use it on the Sabbath as prescribed by tradition. Timosh Gershimyuk, a righteous gentile, with his wife, from Koshary village. They saved Chane Melamed-Gitelis, Esther Melamed- Fisher, Motl Fisher, Mrs. Bronshteyn and her two children, for more than two years, 1942 45, until the Liberation. THROUGH THE FIRE By Simche Gitelis 349 Poor strangers in our midst were taken care of by the Hachnoses Orchim [charity to strangers] society. The head of this group was my inlaw, Leybish Melamed, who had inherited the job from his father, Eliyohu (Lesnakes) Melamed. The old pinkas [community record book], more than 100 years old, had the names of all members of that society. Our young people were anxious to leave the town forever, but where would they go? Palestine and other countries were closed to them. And when the war with Germany broke out, the fate of almost all of us was sealed. I, as a draftee in the Polish army, immediately was taken as a war prisoner by the Germans. In addition, I was wounded in one eye and spent four weeks in a Lodz hospital, from which, miraculously, I was discharged. After long suffering, I was able to come back home. Since my eye became better, I was able to get work from the Russians. Even under the Soviets, our situation was bitter enough. We were all low in spirit, dejected. Some of our people were deported to Siberia. But that was like paradise in comparison to the murderous deeds perpetrated by the Germans on Jews in the areas under their control. After the Soviet-German war broke out, I was able to reach Kharkov through various highways and byways. There I found my brother, Shimshon, who had been there since 1918. I could not stay long, however, since the Germans were coming nearer and nearer to that city. Therefore I, my brother, and his family left Kharkov for Central Asia, settling in Frunze. A few months later, my brother was drafted into the Red Army and he fell in battle near Moscow.
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ovs.4 LAO c ST. f.rx to, r POST 0.
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Previous pages: The Great Synagogue
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11. o. o , _J Jr- ,a0 _ A -;-.
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Foreword to the English Translation
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FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
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FOREWORD TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO THE ORIGINAL YIZ
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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THE EARLY DAYS THE HISTORY OF LUBOM
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egion, robbing, plundering, and mur
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More striking is the comparison wit
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il'7t*/ l'53'Iti,1 1,1" 3, trnn,,$3
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for other local revenue. In 1611, a
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history was connected with the regi
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(May 5, 1626), he set the following
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A craftsman may not keep an apprent
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agree, he shall be punished as the
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Maidansky" and Ben-Tsiyon Datil." T
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Natanson "for making a mistake and
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Torah. At the end of his life, he m
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answer is more complicated than for
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than in any of his previous or late
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placed by the Jews of those times u
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three rabbis from Amsterdam turned
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Lubomla (1617). As usual, there fol
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Betsalel son of R. Shloyme of Kobri
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against a rival. He signs: "Declare
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and had a pleasant, modern appearan
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1 Slovnik Geografitshny Polsky. 2 D
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written that Reb Gedaliah died in 5
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earth to a great thickness on all s
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ments from the Temple [in Jerusalem
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to their villages singing hoarsely
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THE EARLY DAYS else in a store or a
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the end of Friday evening services
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Forward-looking and enlightened par
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pedestrians. It was filled with the
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synagogue, perplexed as to why they
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these bands, though the town itself
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Epshteyn, who later was replaced by
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The whole district of Libivne had,
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Lyuba Shames-Vishnits, Yehudit Tsur
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I. tr. Members of HeChalutz, 1931.
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Jewish youth were living with a gre
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WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH By Yi
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ullet hadn 't even touched him. Und
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certain extent, even into areas aro
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spread cultural activities that las
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Kochba, which ran for quite some ti
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drim.....10.0010111100.1111111101.1
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Among these youths was a studentsti
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ish residents in captured territori
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pair of horses we'd had since the G
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Hebrew Teachers Come to Our Town As
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In my day there were three rabbis i
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A JEWISH POSTAGE STAMP Luboml-Libiv
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THE ANCIENT LEDGER THAT WENT ASTRAY
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LIFE, RECONSTRUCTION, AND CREATIVIT
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years old. Those trees were cared f
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of worship took upon themselves the
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LUBOML'S ECONOMIC SITUATION UP TO 1
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eal shoes walked barefoot until the
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My hometown Libivne [Luboml], is lo
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There was a Jew, Shamele Protsentni
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I came originally from Volkovisk. S
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Of all the holidays observed in our
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orchard. We often became involved i
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THE JEWS OF THE VILLAGE OF STAVKE B
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A JEWISH DAUGHTER
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One of the most important instituti
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FROM DAILY LIFE 143 fir://,6- -A /)
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THE GREAT SYNAGOGUE By Yakov Hetman
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, .t. ,L., -I F.: FROM DAILY LIFE 1
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THE SYNAGOGUES AND CHASIDIM IN OUR
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The Bet HaMidrash also served as a
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interpret it all by myself. He was
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Three other houses of worship were
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SABBATH EVE IN THE SHTETL By Yitsha
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go into the rebbe's room one by one
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Whenever I reminisce about my homet
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In describing the daily life of our
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leading to the bath itself closed a
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from 150 pounds down to 100 in orde
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When the two men came to fix the wi
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1.-yr} ,.7)15r1 1.6 ',"f)') . :.1"1
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Judging him by his character, we ca
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The story of the rescue of Luboml's
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Dovid Veytsfrucht (London) was know
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then was up in years, though strict
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R. Moyshe Yitshak Kagan R. MOYSHE Y
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Moyshe Fuks, Yitshak Leyb Blumen, L
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°- issue, my older brother Motl, t
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The mill and the electricity-produc
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The whole time I was in America I a
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IIinseauin a short peasant jacket m
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He was also a member of the Chevra
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son, Asher, would always come to hi
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made sheepskin winter hats called k
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E.- The scroll of Esther %IN/1311v
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CHARACTERS AND PERSONALITIES 201 Ra
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SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL A
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EDUCATION AND CULTURE IN LUBOML 191
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IMPORTANT CULTURAL ACTIVITIES By Ye
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THE HEBREW HOME OF YAKOV BLUMEN By
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sleep and only the youth went outsi
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one side and go out on the other si
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forbade refugees in areas less than
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THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES By Yisroel L
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After that I saw many instances whe
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AS REFUGEES IN LUBOML By Rochl Melt
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OIL PRODUCTION IN THE GHETTO By Nat
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several other Jewish young men were
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THE JOURNEY FROM SPIRITUAL DESTRUCT
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Everyone joined in the hunt after t
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THE ANNIHILATION CHRONOLOGY OF DEST
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the brick factory stood and where f
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day we were still 12; todayonly one
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y the German police. Many children,
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their shovels. If they did not, the
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us, and every time we went to work
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Jews have already been taken." But
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The first Jewish victim in Libivne
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DURING THE HORRIBLE DAYS By Yakov E
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I SAW THIS WITH MY OWN EYES By Mash
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PRESS ARTICLES ABOUT THE KOVALCHUK
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From the Tog-Morgn Zhurnal, Wednesd
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attempting to appear to the Philade
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half-hour. Suddenly, an SS man with
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Shtreichera cousin to the one menti
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killed there. In spite of the dange
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FROM THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIE
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her two children, another of his co
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woods. Here they built bunkers in w
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RESCUED FROM THE BIG FIRE By Rochl
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Passover came and a new exterminati
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Moscowa doctor, a prosecutor and tw
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Kampyoni, who had a good relationsh
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pieces of gold with me, and he exch
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coffee house with strange men. Afte
Page 321 and 322: As soon as the Russian army left, w
Page 323 and 324: ON A UKRAINIAN PASSPORT By Shmuel a
Page 325 and 326: milk and asked me what I wanted. I
Page 327 and 328: IN THE SHADOW OF DEATH By Chaike Ko
Page 329 and 330: long as I live, I will never forget
Page 331 and 332: to him longer than with the Grimatl
Page 333 and 334: A PRISONER OF WAR WITH THE GERMANS
Page 335 and 336: The schedule was the same as in the
Page 337 and 338: On our way, we decided to split int
Page 339 and 340: NEVER SAYZOG NISHT KEINMOL!!! Parti
Page 341 and 342: FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
Page 347 and 348: IN THE GHETTO, IN THE FOREST, AND W
Page 355 and 356: AS A POLE WITH THE PARTISANS By Jos
Page 361 and 362: waited a few hours, but the Judenra
Page 367 and 368: The Germans entered Libivne in 1939
Page 369 and 370: Mendl Zilberman as a Polish soldier
Page 371: CHAYIM ROZENBLIT: PARTISAN AND SOLD
Page 375 and 376: My sister Freyde, the daughter of L
Page 377 and 378: Nachman Weissman (z"1.) as a soldie
Page 379 and 380: FROM VILLAGE TO VILLAGE By Yisroel
Page 381 and 382: THE PARENTS WHO DID NOT MAKE IT By
Page 383 and 384: THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BENEVOLENT SO
Page 385 and 386: THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
Page 387 and 388: LIBIVNER JEWS IN ARGENTINA By Zelik
Page 391 and 392: THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
Page 397 and 398: MEMORIAL PRAYER IN MEMORY OF THE HO
Page 399 and 400: THESE ARE THE NAMES OF ALL THE HOLY
Page 401 and 402: Dimetshteyn Avrom; wife; children D
Page 403 and 404: Frimerman Moyshe; wife, Sosl; child
Page 405 and 406: Hak Binyomen; wife; children Ben-Ts
Page 407 and 408: Krelin Meyer-Chayim; wife; children
Page 409 and 410: Avrom; wife; children Pinye (Tchode
Page 411 and 412: Privner Motl; wife, Chaye; son, Eli
Page 413 and 414: Yehuda Moyshe-Yoyne; wife, Roze; so
Page 415 and 416: Tsvirn Chayim; wife, Malke; son, Sh
Page 417 and 418: Zhelaznik Beyle (from Dubenko) Zieg
Page 419: THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
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398 (Y"Y) 10711 11n733 ri4nDi -or ,
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400 Luboml, Lubomla, mko rzad., pow
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Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Br
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A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant
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406 happened, where history explode
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Oct. 1, 1993 The Sheltering Sky How
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April 14, 1995 In 1938 Esther Ziege
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412 also served as a Guest Curator
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414 Luboml's embrace is expansive.
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The Road to Luboml A Writer Retrace
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418 A local official listens, refus
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420 LUBOML and shrieks: "Don't take
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422 her home to see her icons. "She
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424 Mr. Dzei has amassed a formidab
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March 30, 1996 An Effort to Restore
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GREAT BRITAIN London* Europe 1937 *
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