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412 also served as a Guest Curator for "Becoming Visible: The Legacy of Stonewall" at The New York Public Library. LUB OML This article originally appeared in Sh'ma, volume 25, issue 492 (April 14, 1995) and is reprinted with permission from Sh'ma.
A Still-Life Shtetl Rebuilding the Life and Times of Luboml, One Faded Photo at a Time By Toby Axelrod Sept. 1, 1995 It is a silent reunion. In shades of brown and ivory they sit, stiff and proper, before romantic painted backdrops. Others lounge on the grass with friends gathered around. Formally, a couple stands with two young children, staring straight at me. I look at them one by oneand hundreds more like them: family photos in folders, filling two drawers in the tiny office of the Luboml Exhibition Project in Midtown Manhattan. It's the largest gathering of Luboml's souls since the shtetlmy father's birthplacewas destroyed 53 years ago. For several months the photos have been arriving from Canada, Israel, Arizona, Argentina, and Brooklyn in response to notices in the Jewish Week and elsewhere. A few of the many envelopes came to my desk, and I would open each with reverence, as if entrusted with something holy. I understood afresh the superstitions some have against being caught on film. The photos are all that remains. And those eyes, those expressive hands touched a world I knew only through the stories of my grandfather, Rabbi Yakov Axelrod. "I'll never forget it," was how he usually began. I can hear his voice any time because I recorded hours and hours of his storytelling and have spent years transcribing the tapes. But I never thought my personal obsession would converge with the dreams of so many other people, to create a museum exhibit about Jewish life in that obscure little Polish-Ukrainian town. The photos, documents, and objects gathered in that midtown office today are waiting to be seen, and they will be seen, thanks to the 413 sponsorship of Aaron Ziegelman, who left Luboml as a boy in 1938. It's hard to believe I will set foot in that town myselfthe goal is to find more material for our collection. But first, I will put down the last corrections on our toughest project: the translation of our entire Yizkor Buch from Yiddish into English. Hundreds of such books about the life and demise of European Jewish towns were written after the war by survivors, but most of these rich volumes are gathering dust on bookshelves, inaccessible to all but those who can read Yiddish. Two have been translated into English. Several years ago I volunteered to help edit Luboml's tome, for selfish reasonsI wanted to read more about the town I knew through my grandfather's stories. Now, as I check the spelling of names of those killed by the Nazis, a list that closes the 400-page book, I marvel that a window is to open for others on a world lost forever. The book translation was begun years ago by members of the Libovner Voliner Benevolent Society, with survivor Nathan Sobel and his wife, Eleanor, at the helm. Recently, Aaron Ziegelman started the exhibition project. For him, the journey began several years ago as an effort to unerase his past. He managed to find relatives around the world, reconstructing a family tree and orchestrating a reunion. Eventually, he decided to sponsor the creation of an exhibition chronicling life in the shtetl. Since last summer, hundreds of photos and items have been gathered for display at museums in New York, Israel and other venues.
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ovs.4 LAO c ST. f.rx to, r POST 0.
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Previous pages: The Great Synagogue
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11. o. o , _J Jr- ,a0 _ A -;-.
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Foreword to the English Translation
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FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
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FOREWORD TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO THE ORIGINAL YIZ
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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THE EARLY DAYS THE HISTORY OF LUBOM
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egion, robbing, plundering, and mur
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More striking is the comparison wit
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il'7t*/ l'53'Iti,1 1,1" 3, trnn,,$3
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for other local revenue. In 1611, a
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history was connected with the regi
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(May 5, 1626), he set the following
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A craftsman may not keep an apprent
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agree, he shall be punished as the
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Maidansky" and Ben-Tsiyon Datil." T
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Natanson "for making a mistake and
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Torah. At the end of his life, he m
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answer is more complicated than for
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than in any of his previous or late
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placed by the Jews of those times u
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three rabbis from Amsterdam turned
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Lubomla (1617). As usual, there fol
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Betsalel son of R. Shloyme of Kobri
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against a rival. He signs: "Declare
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and had a pleasant, modern appearan
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1 Slovnik Geografitshny Polsky. 2 D
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written that Reb Gedaliah died in 5
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earth to a great thickness on all s
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ments from the Temple [in Jerusalem
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to their villages singing hoarsely
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THE EARLY DAYS else in a store or a
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the end of Friday evening services
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Forward-looking and enlightened par
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pedestrians. It was filled with the
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synagogue, perplexed as to why they
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these bands, though the town itself
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Epshteyn, who later was replaced by
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The whole district of Libivne had,
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Lyuba Shames-Vishnits, Yehudit Tsur
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I. tr. Members of HeChalutz, 1931.
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Jewish youth were living with a gre
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WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH By Yi
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ullet hadn 't even touched him. Und
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certain extent, even into areas aro
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spread cultural activities that las
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Kochba, which ran for quite some ti
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drim.....10.0010111100.1111111101.1
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Among these youths was a studentsti
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ish residents in captured territori
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pair of horses we'd had since the G
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Hebrew Teachers Come to Our Town As
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In my day there were three rabbis i
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A JEWISH POSTAGE STAMP Luboml-Libiv
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THE ANCIENT LEDGER THAT WENT ASTRAY
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LIFE, RECONSTRUCTION, AND CREATIVIT
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years old. Those trees were cared f
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of worship took upon themselves the
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LUBOML'S ECONOMIC SITUATION UP TO 1
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eal shoes walked barefoot until the
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My hometown Libivne [Luboml], is lo
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There was a Jew, Shamele Protsentni
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I came originally from Volkovisk. S
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Of all the holidays observed in our
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orchard. We often became involved i
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THE JEWS OF THE VILLAGE OF STAVKE B
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A JEWISH DAUGHTER
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One of the most important instituti
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FROM DAILY LIFE 143 fir://,6- -A /)
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THE GREAT SYNAGOGUE By Yakov Hetman
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, .t. ,L., -I F.: FROM DAILY LIFE 1
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THE SYNAGOGUES AND CHASIDIM IN OUR
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The Bet HaMidrash also served as a
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interpret it all by myself. He was
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Three other houses of worship were
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SABBATH EVE IN THE SHTETL By Yitsha
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go into the rebbe's room one by one
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Whenever I reminisce about my homet
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In describing the daily life of our
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leading to the bath itself closed a
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from 150 pounds down to 100 in orde
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When the two men came to fix the wi
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1.-yr} ,.7)15r1 1.6 ',"f)') . :.1"1
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Judging him by his character, we ca
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The story of the rescue of Luboml's
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Dovid Veytsfrucht (London) was know
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then was up in years, though strict
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R. Moyshe Yitshak Kagan R. MOYSHE Y
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Moyshe Fuks, Yitshak Leyb Blumen, L
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°- issue, my older brother Motl, t
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The mill and the electricity-produc
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The whole time I was in America I a
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IIinseauin a short peasant jacket m
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He was also a member of the Chevra
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son, Asher, would always come to hi
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made sheepskin winter hats called k
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E.- The scroll of Esther %IN/1311v
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CHARACTERS AND PERSONALITIES 201 Ra
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SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL A
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EDUCATION AND CULTURE IN LUBOML 191
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IMPORTANT CULTURAL ACTIVITIES By Ye
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THE HEBREW HOME OF YAKOV BLUMEN By
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sleep and only the youth went outsi
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one side and go out on the other si
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forbade refugees in areas less than
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THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES By Yisroel L
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After that I saw many instances whe
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AS REFUGEES IN LUBOML By Rochl Melt
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OIL PRODUCTION IN THE GHETTO By Nat
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several other Jewish young men were
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THE JOURNEY FROM SPIRITUAL DESTRUCT
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Everyone joined in the hunt after t
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THE ANNIHILATION CHRONOLOGY OF DEST
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the brick factory stood and where f
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day we were still 12; todayonly one
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y the German police. Many children,
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their shovels. If they did not, the
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us, and every time we went to work
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Jews have already been taken." But
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The first Jewish victim in Libivne
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DURING THE HORRIBLE DAYS By Yakov E
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I SAW THIS WITH MY OWN EYES By Mash
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PRESS ARTICLES ABOUT THE KOVALCHUK
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From the Tog-Morgn Zhurnal, Wednesd
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attempting to appear to the Philade
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half-hour. Suddenly, an SS man with
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Shtreichera cousin to the one menti
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killed there. In spite of the dange
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FROM THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIE
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her two children, another of his co
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woods. Here they built bunkers in w
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RESCUED FROM THE BIG FIRE By Rochl
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Passover came and a new exterminati
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Moscowa doctor, a prosecutor and tw
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Kampyoni, who had a good relationsh
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pieces of gold with me, and he exch
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coffee house with strange men. Afte
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As soon as the Russian army left, w
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ON A UKRAINIAN PASSPORT By Shmuel a
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milk and asked me what I wanted. I
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IN THE SHADOW OF DEATH By Chaike Ko
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long as I live, I will never forget
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to him longer than with the Grimatl
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A PRISONER OF WAR WITH THE GERMANS
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The schedule was the same as in the
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On our way, we decided to split int
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NEVER SAYZOG NISHT KEINMOL!!! Parti
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IN THE GHETTO, IN THE FOREST, AND W
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AS A POLE WITH THE PARTISANS By Jos
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waited a few hours, but the Judenra
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The Germans entered Libivne in 1939
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Mendl Zilberman as a Polish soldier
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CHAYIM ROZENBLIT: PARTISAN AND SOLD
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Like all other Jewish shtetls, Libi
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My sister Freyde, the daughter of L
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Nachman Weissman (z"1.) as a soldie
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FROM VILLAGE TO VILLAGE By Yisroel
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THE PARENTS WHO DID NOT MAKE IT By
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THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BENEVOLENT SO
Page 385 and 386: THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
Page 387 and 388: LIBIVNER JEWS IN ARGENTINA By Zelik
Page 391 and 392: THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
Page 397 and 398: MEMORIAL PRAYER IN MEMORY OF THE HO
Page 399 and 400: THESE ARE THE NAMES OF ALL THE HOLY
Page 401 and 402: Dimetshteyn Avrom; wife; children D
Page 403 and 404: Frimerman Moyshe; wife, Sosl; child
Page 405 and 406: Hak Binyomen; wife; children Ben-Ts
Page 407 and 408: Krelin Meyer-Chayim; wife; children
Page 409 and 410: Avrom; wife; children Pinye (Tchode
Page 411 and 412: Privner Motl; wife, Chaye; son, Eli
Page 413 and 414: Yehuda Moyshe-Yoyne; wife, Roze; so
Page 415 and 416: Tsvirn Chayim; wife, Malke; son, Sh
Page 417 and 418: Zhelaznik Beyle (from Dubenko) Zieg
Page 419: THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
Page 422 and 423: 398 (Y"Y) 10711 11n733 ri4nDi -or ,
Page 424 and 425: 400 Luboml, Lubomla, mko rzad., pow
Page 426 and 427: Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Br
Page 428 and 429: A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant
Page 430 and 431: 406 happened, where history explode
Page 432 and 433: Oct. 1, 1993 The Sheltering Sky How
Page 434 and 435: April 14, 1995 In 1938 Esther Ziege
Page 438 and 439: 414 Luboml's embrace is expansive.
Page 440 and 441: The Road to Luboml A Writer Retrace
Page 442 and 443: 418 A local official listens, refus
Page 444 and 445: 420 LUBOML and shrieks: "Don't take
Page 446 and 447: 422 her home to see her icons. "She
Page 448 and 449: 424 Mr. Dzei has amassed a formidab
Page 450 and 451: March 30, 1996 An Effort to Restore
Page 452: GREAT BRITAIN London* Europe 1937 *
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