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LUBOML -11.- Entrance to the Great Synagogue from the poolish, ca. 1930. Photo by Szymon Zajczyk. (Courtesy of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Sztuki) Interior of the Great Synagogue showing the Holy Ark and the bima, ca. 1930. Photo by Szymon Zajczyk. (Courtesy of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Sztuki) "". .
FOREWORD TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION The original Yizkor Book of Luboml was a very personal and cathartic undertaking that started in 1967 and was published in Israel in 1975, in Hebrew and Yiddish. Later, members of the Libovner-Voliner Benevolent Society in New York, specifically Victor Gershengorn and Nathan Eiger, decided to produce an English translation of the Pinkas Libivne as the book was popularly called by the landsleit (Libivne was the Yiddish name for Luboml). Other society members wanted the same, so that their offspring and the English speaking world could read about and experience the legacy. The book would provide invaluable testimony on the culturally rich Jewish life in the shted before the Shoah. Current scholarship speaks of the yizkor book as a new genre of writing. In the Luboml book, vignettes of daily life, descriptions of community institutions and testimony of the Holocaust are presented in a humble, matter-of-fact style. They are synopses of life and death imprinted on the psyches of survivors, thoughtfully laid out almost as a bearing of witness to truth under God's eyes. The English edition is a complete translation of the original yizkor book. Additionally, we have included two new pieces and an appendix of recent articles about Luboml and the efforts to create an exhibition about the shtetl. A few of the illustrations have been replaced because the photographs used in the original could not be located. The list of martyrs which appeared in the YizkorBook ofLuboml has also been expanded to include additional names of those killed by the Nazis in October 1942. The nine-year project was beset by many problems that could only have been resolved xi because this was a labor of love. It required special skills and knowledge of Luboml, concerns for accuracy in translation and authenticity, faithfulness to the authors' characters and integrity of language, while enhancing clarity and readability. There were seemingly endless roadblocks, both emotional and financial, that had to be overcome. Only the persistent demands and total devotion of committee members and landsmen., such as Victor Gershengorn, who would call and say, "Nathan, nu?" could have led to the completion of this book. Benjamin Rosenzweig provided invaluable assistance, remembering names of martyrs and their children. Toby Axelrod, a journalist whose roots are from Luboml, lent her editing and organizational skills, as did Eleanor Sobel, my wife. Ultimately, Aaron Ziegelman, who had left Luboml in 1938 at the age of 9, brought his special vision and financial support to the project. Believing only the highest quality was worthy for a memorial of his birth town, and in rememberance of all the martyrs, Aaron Ziegelman guided the project through its last years of refinement, and ultimately to its printing. Many others contributed to the birth of the English translation. Special thanks to all the landsmen from Luboml: Abraham Getman for continuous moral support, Victor and Rubin Lichtmacher, Benjamin Rosenzweig, Bernard Meller, Moshe Samet, z"1, Hershel Bergerbest, Chanah Gitalis, Yosef Karpus, Yitzhak Sheyntop (Sheyn), Max Fisher, Yankel and Matl Rayz, Avraham Raz, z"1, Malka (Sobel) Gitelis, Rivke Milshteyn, Khane Nemetz, Shmuel Goldberg, Chaim and Nieshl Dorenboy, Menachem Erlich,
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Page 4 and 5: ovs.4 LAO c ST. f.rx to, r POST 0.
Page 7 and 8: Previous pages: The Great Synagogue
Page 9 and 10: 11. o. o , _J Jr- ,a0 _ A -;-.
Page 11 and 12: Foreword to the English Translation
Page 13: FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
Page 17: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO THE ORIGINAL YIZ
Page 21 and 22: HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
Page 23 and 24: HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
Page 25 and 26: THE EARLY DAYS THE HISTORY OF LUBOM
Page 27 and 28: egion, robbing, plundering, and mur
Page 29 and 30: More striking is the comparison wit
Page 31 and 32: il'7t*/ l'53'Iti,1 1,1" 3, trnn,,$3
Page 33 and 34: for other local revenue. In 1611, a
Page 35 and 36: history was connected with the regi
Page 37 and 38: (May 5, 1626), he set the following
Page 39 and 40: A craftsman may not keep an apprent
Page 41 and 42: agree, he shall be punished as the
Page 43 and 44: Maidansky" and Ben-Tsiyon Datil." T
Page 45 and 46: Natanson "for making a mistake and
Page 47 and 48: Torah. At the end of his life, he m
Page 49 and 50: answer is more complicated than for
Page 51 and 52: than in any of his previous or late
Page 53 and 54: placed by the Jews of those times u
Page 55 and 56: three rabbis from Amsterdam turned
Page 57 and 58: Lubomla (1617). As usual, there fol
Page 59 and 60: Betsalel son of R. Shloyme of Kobri
Page 61 and 62: against a rival. He signs: "Declare
Page 63 and 64: and had a pleasant, modern appearan
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1 Slovnik Geografitshny Polsky. 2 D
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written that Reb Gedaliah died in 5
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earth to a great thickness on all s
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ments from the Temple [in Jerusalem
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to their villages singing hoarsely
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THE EARLY DAYS else in a store or a
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the end of Friday evening services
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Forward-looking and enlightened par
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pedestrians. It was filled with the
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synagogue, perplexed as to why they
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these bands, though the town itself
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Epshteyn, who later was replaced by
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The whole district of Libivne had,
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Lyuba Shames-Vishnits, Yehudit Tsur
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I. tr. Members of HeChalutz, 1931.
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Jewish youth were living with a gre
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WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH By Yi
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ullet hadn 't even touched him. Und
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certain extent, even into areas aro
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spread cultural activities that las
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Kochba, which ran for quite some ti
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drim.....10.0010111100.1111111101.1
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Among these youths was a studentsti
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ish residents in captured territori
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pair of horses we'd had since the G
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Hebrew Teachers Come to Our Town As
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In my day there were three rabbis i
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A JEWISH POSTAGE STAMP Luboml-Libiv
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THE ANCIENT LEDGER THAT WENT ASTRAY
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LIFE, RECONSTRUCTION, AND CREATIVIT
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years old. Those trees were cared f
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of worship took upon themselves the
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LUBOML'S ECONOMIC SITUATION UP TO 1
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eal shoes walked barefoot until the
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My hometown Libivne [Luboml], is lo
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There was a Jew, Shamele Protsentni
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I came originally from Volkovisk. S
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Of all the holidays observed in our
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orchard. We often became involved i
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THE JEWS OF THE VILLAGE OF STAVKE B
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A JEWISH DAUGHTER
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One of the most important instituti
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FROM DAILY LIFE 143 fir://,6- -A /)
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THE GREAT SYNAGOGUE By Yakov Hetman
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, .t. ,L., -I F.: FROM DAILY LIFE 1
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THE SYNAGOGUES AND CHASIDIM IN OUR
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The Bet HaMidrash also served as a
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interpret it all by myself. He was
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Three other houses of worship were
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SABBATH EVE IN THE SHTETL By Yitsha
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go into the rebbe's room one by one
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Whenever I reminisce about my homet
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In describing the daily life of our
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leading to the bath itself closed a
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from 150 pounds down to 100 in orde
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When the two men came to fix the wi
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1.-yr} ,.7)15r1 1.6 ',"f)') . :.1"1
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Judging him by his character, we ca
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The story of the rescue of Luboml's
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Dovid Veytsfrucht (London) was know
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then was up in years, though strict
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R. Moyshe Yitshak Kagan R. MOYSHE Y
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Moyshe Fuks, Yitshak Leyb Blumen, L
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°- issue, my older brother Motl, t
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The mill and the electricity-produc
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The whole time I was in America I a
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IIinseauin a short peasant jacket m
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He was also a member of the Chevra
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son, Asher, would always come to hi
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made sheepskin winter hats called k
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E.- The scroll of Esther %IN/1311v
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CHARACTERS AND PERSONALITIES 201 Ra
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SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL A
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EDUCATION AND CULTURE IN LUBOML 191
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IMPORTANT CULTURAL ACTIVITIES By Ye
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THE HEBREW HOME OF YAKOV BLUMEN By
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sleep and only the youth went outsi
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one side and go out on the other si
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forbade refugees in areas less than
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THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES By Yisroel L
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After that I saw many instances whe
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AS REFUGEES IN LUBOML By Rochl Melt
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OIL PRODUCTION IN THE GHETTO By Nat
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several other Jewish young men were
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THE JOURNEY FROM SPIRITUAL DESTRUCT
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Everyone joined in the hunt after t
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THE ANNIHILATION CHRONOLOGY OF DEST
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the brick factory stood and where f
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day we were still 12; todayonly one
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y the German police. Many children,
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their shovels. If they did not, the
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us, and every time we went to work
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Jews have already been taken." But
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The first Jewish victim in Libivne
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DURING THE HORRIBLE DAYS By Yakov E
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I SAW THIS WITH MY OWN EYES By Mash
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PRESS ARTICLES ABOUT THE KOVALCHUK
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From the Tog-Morgn Zhurnal, Wednesd
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attempting to appear to the Philade
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half-hour. Suddenly, an SS man with
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Shtreichera cousin to the one menti
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killed there. In spite of the dange
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FROM THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIE
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her two children, another of his co
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woods. Here they built bunkers in w
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RESCUED FROM THE BIG FIRE By Rochl
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Passover came and a new exterminati
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Moscowa doctor, a prosecutor and tw
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Kampyoni, who had a good relationsh
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pieces of gold with me, and he exch
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coffee house with strange men. Afte
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As soon as the Russian army left, w
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ON A UKRAINIAN PASSPORT By Shmuel a
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milk and asked me what I wanted. I
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IN THE SHADOW OF DEATH By Chaike Ko
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long as I live, I will never forget
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to him longer than with the Grimatl
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A PRISONER OF WAR WITH THE GERMANS
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The schedule was the same as in the
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On our way, we decided to split int
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NEVER SAYZOG NISHT KEINMOL!!! Parti
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FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
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IN THE GHETTO, IN THE FOREST, AND W
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AS A POLE WITH THE PARTISANS By Jos
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waited a few hours, but the Judenra
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The Germans entered Libivne in 1939
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Mendl Zilberman as a Polish soldier
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CHAYIM ROZENBLIT: PARTISAN AND SOLD
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Like all other Jewish shtetls, Libi
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My sister Freyde, the daughter of L
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Nachman Weissman (z"1.) as a soldie
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FROM VILLAGE TO VILLAGE By Yisroel
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THE PARENTS WHO DID NOT MAKE IT By
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THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BENEVOLENT SO
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THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
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LIBIVNER JEWS IN ARGENTINA By Zelik
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THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
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MEMORIAL PRAYER IN MEMORY OF THE HO
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THESE ARE THE NAMES OF ALL THE HOLY
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Dimetshteyn Avrom; wife; children D
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Frimerman Moyshe; wife, Sosl; child
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Hak Binyomen; wife; children Ben-Ts
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Krelin Meyer-Chayim; wife; children
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Avrom; wife; children Pinye (Tchode
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Privner Motl; wife, Chaye; son, Eli
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Yehuda Moyshe-Yoyne; wife, Roze; so
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Tsvirn Chayim; wife, Malke; son, Sh
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Zhelaznik Beyle (from Dubenko) Zieg
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398 (Y"Y) 10711 11n733 ri4nDi -or ,
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400 Luboml, Lubomla, mko rzad., pow
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Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Br
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A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant
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406 happened, where history explode
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Oct. 1, 1993 The Sheltering Sky How
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April 14, 1995 In 1938 Esther Ziege
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412 also served as a Guest Curator
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414 Luboml's embrace is expansive.
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The Road to Luboml A Writer Retrace
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418 A local official listens, refus
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420 LUBOML and shrieks: "Don't take
Page 446 and 447:
422 her home to see her icons. "She
Page 448 and 449:
424 Mr. Dzei has amassed a formidab
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March 30, 1996 An Effort to Restore
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GREAT BRITAIN London* Europe 1937 *
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