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Avromele Blushteyn was one of the few followers of the Jewish enlightenment among the Jews from neighboring villages who came to reside in Luboml and contributed considerably to the spread of enlightenment among the youth and to the many different cultural activities in our town. Among these "immigrants" was Isrulik Helfant from the village of Rakovitz, who organized and directed a drama group that put on a play, Hertsele and the Aristocrat, which was well received by our community. Another man, Buzia Steinberg from the village of Horodno, gave private lessons in Russian on a very high level. Avrom Blushteyn, originally from the village of Pervis [on the Bug River, around 11 miles from Luboml) moved to our town in 1918 when he was in his late twenties. He lived on our street, not far from our house. After a while his neighbors got used to hearing the sweet sound of the violin that drifted out of his bedroom window. It was n ot long before I became a permanent guest in his room. I would sing folk songs to him and he would catch on quickly and play them on his violin. In those days Hershl Chasid produced a play that was written by Goldfaden called Bar Kochba. Avrom participated in the play as the head guard of the walls of Jerusalem during Roman rule. As I remember it, Avrom sang a song in the play that was written for the occasion: (solo by Avrom): The righteous God Looks from there upon us AVROM BLUSHTEYN By Yisroel Garmi 198 Don't you sleep, guardsmen, Guard the place well (sung by the soldiers in the choir): We hear you, we hear you We hear you well Fall asleep We will not! After a while Avrom produced for the stage a play called Scattered and Dispersed, a story by Sholem Aleichem. Avrom played the part of Meyer Tchulent, the hero of the play, and performed with incredible talent. Avrom supported himself through his photography studio, which had a good reputation in the area. Avrom was also very talented in Hebrew calligraphy. The pictures shown here are proof of that talent. Avrom Blushteyn married a woman from our town whose name was Faya Sfard. In 1930, he moved to Montevideo, Uruguay. He had two sons, Sela Emanuel, a painter, and Saul Blushteyn, a draftsman-photographer. Both his sons moved from Uruguay to Israel and built their homes there. In 1963, Avrom Blushteyn visited Israel in order to attend the opening of a showing of his son's paintings in Haifa. There he was reunited with many of his friends from Luboml. Avrom Blushteyn died at a ripe old age in Montevideo. His daughter, Hannah, and his wife, Faya, continue to live there. May his memory be blessed.
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ovs.4 LAO c ST. f.rx to, r POST 0.
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Previous pages: The Great Synagogue
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11. o. o , _J Jr- ,a0 _ A -;-.
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Foreword to the English Translation
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FIGHTERS ON THE FRONT AND IN THE FO
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FOREWORD TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO THE ORIGINAL YIZ
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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HISTORY OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY IN
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THE EARLY DAYS THE HISTORY OF LUBOM
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egion, robbing, plundering, and mur
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More striking is the comparison wit
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il'7t*/ l'53'Iti,1 1,1" 3, trnn,,$3
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for other local revenue. In 1611, a
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history was connected with the regi
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(May 5, 1626), he set the following
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A craftsman may not keep an apprent
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agree, he shall be punished as the
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Maidansky" and Ben-Tsiyon Datil." T
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Natanson "for making a mistake and
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Torah. At the end of his life, he m
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answer is more complicated than for
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than in any of his previous or late
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placed by the Jews of those times u
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three rabbis from Amsterdam turned
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Lubomla (1617). As usual, there fol
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Betsalel son of R. Shloyme of Kobri
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against a rival. He signs: "Declare
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and had a pleasant, modern appearan
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1 Slovnik Geografitshny Polsky. 2 D
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written that Reb Gedaliah died in 5
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earth to a great thickness on all s
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ments from the Temple [in Jerusalem
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to their villages singing hoarsely
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THE EARLY DAYS else in a store or a
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the end of Friday evening services
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Forward-looking and enlightened par
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pedestrians. It was filled with the
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synagogue, perplexed as to why they
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these bands, though the town itself
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Epshteyn, who later was replaced by
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The whole district of Libivne had,
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Lyuba Shames-Vishnits, Yehudit Tsur
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I. tr. Members of HeChalutz, 1931.
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Jewish youth were living with a gre
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WORLD WAR I AND ITS AFTERMATH By Yi
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ullet hadn 't even touched him. Und
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certain extent, even into areas aro
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spread cultural activities that las
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Kochba, which ran for quite some ti
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drim.....10.0010111100.1111111101.1
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Among these youths was a studentsti
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ish residents in captured territori
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pair of horses we'd had since the G
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Hebrew Teachers Come to Our Town As
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In my day there were three rabbis i
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A JEWISH POSTAGE STAMP Luboml-Libiv
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THE ANCIENT LEDGER THAT WENT ASTRAY
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LIFE, RECONSTRUCTION, AND CREATIVIT
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years old. Those trees were cared f
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of worship took upon themselves the
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LUBOML'S ECONOMIC SITUATION UP TO 1
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eal shoes walked barefoot until the
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My hometown Libivne [Luboml], is lo
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There was a Jew, Shamele Protsentni
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I came originally from Volkovisk. S
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Of all the holidays observed in our
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orchard. We often became involved i
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THE JEWS OF THE VILLAGE OF STAVKE B
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A JEWISH DAUGHTER
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One of the most important instituti
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FROM DAILY LIFE 143 fir://,6- -A /)
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THE GREAT SYNAGOGUE By Yakov Hetman
Page 171 and 172: , .t. ,L., -I F.: FROM DAILY LIFE 1
Page 173 and 174: THE SYNAGOGUES AND CHASIDIM IN OUR
Page 175 and 176: The Bet HaMidrash also served as a
Page 177 and 178: interpret it all by myself. He was
Page 179 and 180: Three other houses of worship were
Page 181 and 182: SABBATH EVE IN THE SHTETL By Yitsha
Page 183 and 184: go into the rebbe's room one by one
Page 185 and 186: Whenever I reminisce about my homet
Page 187 and 188: In describing the daily life of our
Page 189 and 190: leading to the bath itself closed a
Page 191 and 192: from 150 pounds down to 100 in orde
Page 193 and 194: When the two men came to fix the wi
Page 195 and 196: 1.-yr} ,.7)15r1 1.6 ',"f)') . :.1"1
Page 197 and 198: Judging him by his character, we ca
Page 199 and 200: The story of the rescue of Luboml's
Page 201 and 202: Dovid Veytsfrucht (London) was know
Page 203 and 204: then was up in years, though strict
Page 205 and 206: R. Moyshe Yitshak Kagan R. MOYSHE Y
Page 207 and 208: Moyshe Fuks, Yitshak Leyb Blumen, L
Page 209 and 210: °- issue, my older brother Motl, t
Page 211 and 212: The mill and the electricity-produc
Page 213 and 214: The whole time I was in America I a
Page 215 and 216: IIinseauin a short peasant jacket m
Page 217 and 218: He was also a member of the Chevra
Page 219 and 220: son, Asher, would always come to hi
Page 221: made sheepskin winter hats called k
Page 225 and 226: CHARACTERS AND PERSONALITIES 201 Ra
Page 227 and 228: SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND EDUCATIONAL A
Page 231 and 232: EDUCATION AND CULTURE IN LUBOML 191
Page 233 and 234: IMPORTANT CULTURAL ACTIVITIES By Ye
Page 243 and 244: THE HEBREW HOME OF YAKOV BLUMEN By
Page 251 and 252: sleep and only the youth went outsi
Page 253 and 254: one side and go out on the other si
Page 255 and 256: forbade refugees in areas less than
Page 257 and 258: THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES By Yisroel L
Page 259 and 260: After that I saw many instances whe
Page 261 and 262: AS REFUGEES IN LUBOML By Rochl Melt
Page 263 and 264: OIL PRODUCTION IN THE GHETTO By Nat
Page 265 and 266: several other Jewish young men were
Page 267 and 268: THE JOURNEY FROM SPIRITUAL DESTRUCT
Page 269 and 270: Everyone joined in the hunt after t
Page 271 and 272: THE ANNIHILATION CHRONOLOGY OF DEST
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the brick factory stood and where f
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day we were still 12; todayonly one
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y the German police. Many children,
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their shovels. If they did not, the
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us, and every time we went to work
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Jews have already been taken." But
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The first Jewish victim in Libivne
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DURING THE HORRIBLE DAYS By Yakov E
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I SAW THIS WITH MY OWN EYES By Mash
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PRESS ARTICLES ABOUT THE KOVALCHUK
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From the Tog-Morgn Zhurnal, Wednesd
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attempting to appear to the Philade
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half-hour. Suddenly, an SS man with
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Shtreichera cousin to the one menti
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killed there. In spite of the dange
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FROM THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIE
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her two children, another of his co
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woods. Here they built bunkers in w
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RESCUED FROM THE BIG FIRE By Rochl
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Passover came and a new exterminati
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Moscowa doctor, a prosecutor and tw
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Kampyoni, who had a good relationsh
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pieces of gold with me, and he exch
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coffee house with strange men. Afte
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As soon as the Russian army left, w
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ON A UKRAINIAN PASSPORT By Shmuel a
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milk and asked me what I wanted. I
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IN THE SHADOW OF DEATH By Chaike Ko
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long as I live, I will never forget
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to him longer than with the Grimatl
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A PRISONER OF WAR WITH THE GERMANS
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The schedule was the same as in the
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On our way, we decided to split int
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NEVER SAYZOG NISHT KEINMOL!!! Parti
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IN THE GHETTO, IN THE FOREST, AND W
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AS A POLE WITH THE PARTISANS By Jos
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waited a few hours, but the Judenra
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The Germans entered Libivne in 1939
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Mendl Zilberman as a Polish soldier
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CHAYIM ROZENBLIT: PARTISAN AND SOLD
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Like all other Jewish shtetls, Libi
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My sister Freyde, the daughter of L
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Nachman Weissman (z"1.) as a soldie
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FROM VILLAGE TO VILLAGE By Yisroel
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THE PARENTS WHO DID NOT MAKE IT By
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THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BENEVOLENT SO
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THE SURVIVORS AND THE RETURN TO LIF
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LIBIVNER JEWS IN ARGENTINA By Zelik
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THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE
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MEMORIAL PRAYER IN MEMORY OF THE HO
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THESE ARE THE NAMES OF ALL THE HOLY
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Dimetshteyn Avrom; wife; children D
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Frimerman Moyshe; wife, Sosl; child
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Hak Binyomen; wife; children Ben-Ts
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Krelin Meyer-Chayim; wife; children
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Avrom; wife; children Pinye (Tchode
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Privner Motl; wife, Chaye; son, Eli
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Yehuda Moyshe-Yoyne; wife, Roze; so
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Tsvirn Chayim; wife, Malke; son, Sh
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Zhelaznik Beyle (from Dubenko) Zieg
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398 (Y"Y) 10711 11n733 ri4nDi -or ,
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400 Luboml, Lubomla, mko rzad., pow
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Warm, Vibrant Shtetl Life on the Br
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A Return to LubomlAnd Dark, Distant
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406 happened, where history explode
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Oct. 1, 1993 The Sheltering Sky How
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April 14, 1995 In 1938 Esther Ziege
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412 also served as a Guest Curator
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414 Luboml's embrace is expansive.
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The Road to Luboml A Writer Retrace
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418 A local official listens, refus
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420 LUBOML and shrieks: "Don't take
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422 her home to see her icons. "She
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424 Mr. Dzei has amassed a formidab
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March 30, 1996 An Effort to Restore
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GREAT BRITAIN London* Europe 1937 *
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