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the holy new martyrs of eastern russia - Coptic Orthodox teaching

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and sentenced to three years’ imprisonment taking into account <strong>the</strong> period he<br />

had already been in prison.<br />

*<br />

In 1923 Bishop John <strong>of</strong> Divlekanovsk was appointed by Patriarch Tikhon as<br />

temporary administrator <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ufa diocese. Times were difficult, <strong>the</strong><br />

renovationists were on <strong>the</strong> ascendant and had taken into <strong>the</strong>ir hands almost<br />

<strong>the</strong> whole diocese. The clergy were silent out <strong>of</strong> fear, <strong>the</strong> people had no<br />

leaders and were in <strong>the</strong> full sense "sheep without a shepherd".<br />

At this moment Bishop John issued his first epistle exposing <strong>the</strong> lies and<br />

treachery <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> renovationists. The epistle was distributed round <strong>the</strong> parishes<br />

by volunteer laypeople, among whom <strong>the</strong>re were some secretly ordained<br />

priests. Great in <strong>the</strong> eyes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Church was <strong>the</strong> feat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se messengers; <strong>the</strong>y<br />

were called in church circles "apologists" <strong>of</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong>y. It was <strong>the</strong>y who<br />

pushed into action <strong>the</strong> sluggish clergy and led <strong>the</strong> movement <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> people.<br />

They were <strong>the</strong> first to use <strong>the</strong> term "Soviet church", and defined <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

confession as "old church". There were many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m, and <strong>the</strong>ir fates were<br />

varied, but some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m received <strong>the</strong> title "ascetics" already during <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

lifetime. Such, for example, was <strong>the</strong> student at <strong>the</strong> pedagogical technical<br />

college Valentina Ch.<br />

Valentina was a character <strong>of</strong> rare integrity, purity and energy. Many, even<br />

in <strong>the</strong> True Church, called her a fanatic; but she was not hindered by, or<br />

ashamed by, this title; and it was <strong>the</strong>n that many understood that every<br />

Christian is obliged to be such a "fanatic". Valentina worked mainly among<br />

<strong>the</strong> women, and she did impossible things. Thus when she came to a parish,<br />

<strong>the</strong> situation was reversed with lightning-like speed, <strong>the</strong> renovationist clergy<br />

were driven out, <strong>the</strong> women created dvadtsatky (groups empowered to<br />

accept <strong>the</strong> church from <strong>the</strong> Soviet authorities) and removed <strong>the</strong> keys from <strong>the</strong><br />

"livers" (as <strong>the</strong> renovationists <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> "Living Church" were called) and simply<br />

compelled <strong>the</strong> representatives <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authorities to sign agreements with <strong>the</strong>m<br />

concerning <strong>the</strong> existence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> "Tikhonite" Church. Often <strong>the</strong> dvadtsatky<br />

were joined by wives and sisters <strong>of</strong> leading party members - so great was <strong>the</strong><br />

influence <strong>of</strong> Valentina, so powerful her word, so great <strong>the</strong> scope <strong>of</strong> her<br />

activity.<br />

Literally <strong>the</strong> whole police force, <strong>the</strong> communists and <strong>the</strong> komsomol<br />

pursued Valentina. On <strong>the</strong> roads into <strong>the</strong> villages seized by <strong>the</strong> renovationists<br />

<strong>the</strong>y placed pickets composed <strong>of</strong> people who had seen Valentina, but she was<br />

led along local paths and used to appear unexpectedly. An "old women's<br />

psychosis" would erupt, as <strong>the</strong> local papers called it, a parish would become<br />

"old church", and Valentina would disappear without a trace, so as to appear<br />

again where she was least <strong>of</strong> all expected.<br />

598

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