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the holy new martyrs of eastern russia - Coptic Orthodox teaching

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founded in <strong>the</strong> vast region from Orenburg to <strong>the</strong> Caspian Sea. Hundreds and<br />

thousands <strong>of</strong> Cossacks and non-Cossacks living in <strong>the</strong> Cossack villages were<br />

converted to yedinoveriye <strong>Orthodox</strong>y, and every year tens <strong>of</strong> <strong>new</strong> parishes<br />

were added to <strong>the</strong> diocese.<br />

In 1903, a movement <strong>of</strong> resettlement from <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn districts <strong>of</strong> Russia<br />

to <strong>the</strong> Turgai region began. Spiritually speaking, <strong>the</strong> settlers were left to cope<br />

for <strong>the</strong>mselves. Thus <strong>the</strong> Turgai settlers were forgotten about, and <strong>the</strong> Chief<br />

resettlement administration concentrated its attention on <strong>the</strong> peasants <strong>of</strong><br />

Siberia, <strong>the</strong> Altai and <strong>the</strong> Far East. Many sectarians came with <strong>the</strong> settlers<br />

from <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn regions <strong>of</strong> Russia to <strong>the</strong> Turgai. In each settlement <strong>the</strong>re<br />

were Baptists or Seventh Day Adventists, whose semi-literate "priests" and<br />

pastors wasted no time in founding <strong>the</strong>ir own prayer assemblies. But <strong>the</strong><br />

<strong>Orthodox</strong> were like sheep without a shepherd, and had no place in which to<br />

satisfy <strong>the</strong>ir spiritual needs. The sectarians took advantage <strong>of</strong> this and began<br />

to invite <strong>the</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong> to <strong>the</strong>ir prayer meetings. Soon <strong>the</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong> settlers<br />

began to fill up <strong>the</strong> sectarian prayer meetings and without realizing it<br />

<strong>the</strong>mselves became members <strong>of</strong> sectarian communities. Children were born,<br />

<strong>the</strong> old died, <strong>the</strong> young entered into conjugal relationships - and <strong>the</strong>re was<br />

nobody to carry out <strong>the</strong> rites. The <strong>Orthodox</strong> population experienced<br />

particular hardships during <strong>the</strong> Great Fast and on great feasts. In one<br />

settlement <strong>the</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong> ga<strong>the</strong>red on Pascha night on a site which had been<br />

set aside for <strong>the</strong> construction <strong>of</strong> a church, erected six bells which had been<br />

brought from Tauris province, rang <strong>the</strong>m for several minutes, chanted "Christ<br />

is risen" as best <strong>the</strong>y could, and <strong>the</strong>n dispersed despondently to <strong>the</strong>ir huts and<br />

dugouts to break <strong>the</strong> fast. On such days <strong>the</strong> sectarians arranged <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

triumphant prayer services and insistently invited <strong>the</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong> to come and<br />

"listen to <strong>the</strong> chanting and preaching". Many went unwillingly, but <strong>the</strong>n<br />

stayed for ever.<br />

From June, 1906 to <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> 1907, Bishop Joachim sent two<br />

diocesan missionary priests to Turgai. They established that <strong>the</strong> whole region<br />

was in captivity to <strong>the</strong> sectarians. This missionary trip had a reviving effect on<br />

<strong>the</strong> waverers: people brought tens <strong>of</strong> babies for baptism; young <strong>new</strong>ly<br />

married couples came asking that <strong>the</strong>y "receive <strong>the</strong> law", that is, be married<br />

according to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Orthodox</strong> rite; and many believers asked for pannikhidas to<br />

be performed for those who had died without a church rite.<br />

On <strong>the</strong> return <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> missionaries, Bishop Joachim sent a report to <strong>the</strong> Holy<br />

Synod, which <strong>the</strong>n assigned 50,000 roubles above <strong>the</strong> normal annual budget<br />

for <strong>the</strong> construction <strong>of</strong> churches and schools in <strong>the</strong> Turgai region. Special<br />

missionary courses were organized in Orenburg and Kustanai, at which<br />

candidates for <strong>the</strong> priesthood were trained for four months. These were<br />

mainly teachers, readers and experienced deacons. Churches, schools and<br />

hospitals were built, and every central point received a priest-teacher. A <strong>new</strong><br />

life began in <strong>the</strong> Turgai region. Many zealous pastors from o<strong>the</strong>r regions<br />

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