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Evolution__3rd_Edition

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..<br />

Figure 17.2<br />

(a) The six main faunal<br />

regions of the world, based<br />

on the distribution of animals,<br />

and particularly of birds and<br />

mammals (see Table 17.1).<br />

The discontinuity between the<br />

Australian and Oriental regions<br />

is called Wallace’s line. (b) The<br />

six main floral regions of the<br />

world, based on the distribution<br />

of angiosperms (flowering<br />

plants). Redrawn, by<br />

permission of the publisher,<br />

from Cox & Moore (2000).<br />

(b)<br />

(a)<br />

Nearctic<br />

Neotropical<br />

Neotropical<br />

CHAPTER 17 / <strong>Evolution</strong>ary Biogeography 495<br />

Antarctic<br />

Ethiopian<br />

Holarctic<br />

Paleotropical<br />

Table 17.1<br />

Indexes of similarity for the mammalian species of various regions. Data from Flessa et al. (1979).<br />

Palearctic<br />

Oriental<br />

Australian<br />

60°<br />

Australian<br />

North West South South East New<br />

America Indies America Africa Madagascar Eurasia Asian islands Philippines Guinea Australia<br />

North America<br />

West Indies 67<br />

South America 81 73<br />

Africa 31 27 25<br />

Madagascar 38 27 35 65<br />

Eurasia 48 27 36 80 69<br />

South East<br />

Asian islands 37 20 32 82 63 92<br />

Philippines 40 20 32 88 50 96 100<br />

New Guinea 36 21 36 64 50 64 79 64<br />

Australia 22 20 22 67 38 50 61 50 93<br />

Cape<br />

60°<br />

30°<br />

30°<br />

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