Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi

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60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% During the last 12 months 161 PHYSICAL STRESS AT WORK 37% 38% 40% -4% -6% -4% -3% has considerably increased has somewhat increased has decreased LATVIA ESTONIA LITHUANIA FINLAND Physical work stress - or, more precisely, its increase - is not linked to gender in the same way as mental stress. In Estonia, there were in fact no differences between men and women as regards prevalence of increased physical stress. The men in Latvia experienced added physical stress a little more commonly than did the women. In Finland, as also in Lithuania, the women felt that both the physical and the mental stress at work had grown more commonly, and to a greater degree, than did the men. Physical stress had increased the most of all among the women in Lithuania - that is, the same group which had also most commonly experienced an increase in mental stress. Altogether 43 % of the Lithuanian women felt that their work had become more physically burdensome than before. 22%
LATVIA women men ESTONIA women men LITHUANIA women men During the last 12 months 162 PHYSICAL STRESS HAS INCREASED 36% 38% 38% 39% 43% 39% considerably increased somewhat increased FINLAND women 26% men 18% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% When the Baltic nations are compared with each other as regards trends in the physical stressfulness of work, the result is the same as for mental stress. In all the countries, the number who have experienced increased stress is many times greater than those feeling that it has decreased. Taken generally, therefore, work is becoming more burdensome than before. The speed or intensity of the increase, however, has become lower in both Latvia and Estonia. In 1998, a greater percentage of working people in these countries than in 2002 felt that both the physical and the mental stress at work had grown. In Lithuania, the trend has been entirely the opposite. There, an increase in both physical and mental work stress was experienced by a definitely greater proportion of working people in 2002 than in the 1998 survey.
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247 LABOUR POLICY STUDIES Juha Anti
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FOREWORD The working life barometer
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SUMMARY This research study is the
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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............
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2 of the state was part of the deve
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4 to; and, in fact, it can be very
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6 PART ONE COUNTRY ESSAYS
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8 Industries: Food, textile, wearin
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10 Since the beginning of the 1990s
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12 As the number of working age pop
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14 2001 the unemployment rate of th
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16 In addition to unemployment bene
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18 the average wage is higher than
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20 proceeding from its economic opp
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LATVIA Jevg_nija Sviridenkova Senio
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24 improved, the institutional set-
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26 Once a year a taxpayer is allowe
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28 The legal framework for enterpri
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30 The aim of economic policy of th
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32 exchange rate ensures stable pri
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34 age population will not fall tha
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36 favourable conditions for invest
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38 conditions for investment and th
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40 The key elements of health promo
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42 Most of the higher educational i
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44 financial intermediation 96 015
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LITHUANIA 46 Gintare Buzinskaite Se
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48 The main legal act is the Consti
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50 According to the data of the cen
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52 money transfer from the EU will
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54 In 1997 the Government of Lithua
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56 without children had the biggest
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58 pensioners work. There were 67.7
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60 The biggest number of job vacanc
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62 Confederation of Lithuanian Indu
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64 Lithuania’s economy is growing
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66 In this section, we will examine
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68 other two countries, and so the
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50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 25% 70 UNION
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72 Trade union representation at th
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74 In any case, the proportion of u
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40% 20% 0% -20% -40% 32% -22% 76 OP
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78 to the trade union movement. In
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80 working hours, the same things w
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82 Lithuania. However, only 15 % of
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…at the workplace together with c
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86 NEGOTIATIONS ON EMPLOYEES' SAFET
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88 more collectivity in negotiation
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SALARY PAYMENT BASIS 90 ESTONIA LAT
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92 Baltic countries are often agree
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94 make the same purchase in Estoni
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96 In this way, the salary distribu
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WOMEN'S AND MEN'S NET SALARIES, 199
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100 The net salaries in the private
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102 women's salaries have improved
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104 portion in 2002 measured by the
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106 NET WAGES AND SALARIES BY DECIL
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108 erage salaries have fallen by 1
Page 119 and 120: LITHUANIA 110 The rise in consumer
Page 121 and 122: New workplaces Reorganised Old work
Page 123 and 124: 114 taken into account, Lithuania's
Page 125 and 126: 116 NET WAGES AND SALARIES BY DECIL
Page 127 and 128: 118 In Estonia and Latvia the reorg
Page 129 and 130: 120 MEDIAN SALARY IN 1998 AND 2002
Page 131 and 132: 122 WAGE EARNERS' OWN ESTIMATE OF C
Page 133 and 134: 124 ing people, the managers trust
Page 135 and 136: 126 tively small, and so their sign
Page 137 and 138: 128 clearly higher than in the othe
Page 139 and 140: 130 The most problematic situation
Page 141 and 142: WEEKLY WORKING HOURS Estonia 132 Th
Page 143 and 144: 134 mainstream in Latvia, since the
Page 145 and 146: 136 Weekly working hours in Lithuan
Page 147 and 148: 138 WORKING OVERTIME DURING A NORMA
Page 149 and 150: 140 Unpaid overtime is more typical
Page 151 and 152: 142 and why do they accept the prev
Page 153 and 154: EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS 144 The trends
Page 155 and 156: 146 of no significance: in practice
Page 157 and 158: 148 PROPORTION OF EMPLOYEES WHO HAV
Page 159 and 160: 150 STRESS FACTORS AND CONFLICTS In
Page 161 and 162: 152 nia has become much more demand
Page 163 and 164: 154 Mean work intensity values (Sca
Page 165 and 166: 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% Durin
Page 167 and 168: LATVIA women men ESTONIA women men
Page 169: 160 In 2002 in Latvia and Estonia,
Page 173 and 174: 164 Work safety in Latvia is seen a
Page 175 and 176: CONFLICTS 166 To finish this chapte
Page 177 and 178: 168 In the question of conflicts, E
Page 179 and 180: 170 may be a sign of efficiency; bu
Page 181 and 182: 172 The workers' possibilities of i
Page 183 and 184: 174 sumed that the question of sect
Page 185 and 186: 176 two Baltic countries. This shou
Page 187 and 188: 178 and the private sectors, though
Page 189 and 190: 180 the individuals are allowed to
Page 191 and 192: JOB SATISFACTION 182 When working p
Page 193 and 194: 100% 50% 0% -50% -100% 78% 78% -22%
Page 195 and 196: 186 mosphere assessment between the
Page 197 and 198: 188 aspects are enquired about: 1)
Page 199 and 200: 190 public-sector workers are a lit
Page 201 and 202: 192 sector, where nearly three-quar
Page 203 and 204: 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 15% 16% 194 THE P
Page 205 and 206: 196 home in connection with their m
Page 207 and 208: 198 ised by way of information netw
Page 209 and 210: 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 200 PERSONA
Page 211 and 212: 202 spects is (naturally) the same
Page 213 and 214: 204 tries. Under half (43 %) of all
Page 215 and 216: 206 The ageing workers, therefore,
Page 217 and 218: 208 information technology are grow
Page 219 and 220: 210 PARTICIPATED IN TRAINING PAID B
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212 problem category in Finland are
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214 DEVELOPMENT OF WORK ORGANISATIO
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216 of, room and opportunities shou
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218 been set up, with the aim of pl
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220 PART THREE CURRENT TRENDS AND F
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222 WORKING LIFE TRENDS IN ESTONIA,
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224 HOW HAVE ASSESSMENTS OF WORKING
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MEN AND WOMEN 226 The changes takin
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228 Greatest changes 1998 - 2002: E
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230 TRENDS IN ESTONIAN WORKING LIFE
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LATVIA 232 The attitudes of the Lat
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234 men have taken a somewhat more
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236 In the oldest age group, there
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Meaningfulness Equality Environment
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MEN AND WOMEN 240 The increased neg
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242 UNDER 30 YEARS Greatest changes
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244 trend expectations can indeed b
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Meaningfulness Equality Environment
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248 is particularly great. In the v
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250 EXPECTATIONS: ECONOMY OF OWN WO
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252 At the new workplaces establish
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254 DISCUSSION: DIVERGING DEVELOPME
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256 favourable direction and the de
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258 A trend toward normalisation ca
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260 ment staff. It is, in a way, na
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262 still some big changes ahead fo
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264 the salary due from their main
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266 Job satisfaction Job satisfacti
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REFERENCES 268 Alasoini, T.: Suomal
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270 http://www.stat.fi/tk/tp/maailm
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DATA COLLECTION AND SAMPLE DESIGN C
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33. Korkiasaari, Jouni: Siirtolaisi
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110. Aarne Mattila: Cooperation and
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179. Osmo Rahikainen, Pekka Ylösta
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243. Matti Vartiainen, Christina Sw
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