Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi
Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi
Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi
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26<br />
Once a year a taxpayer is allowed to make voluntary corrections <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
appropriate tax declaration. This results <strong>in</strong> cancellation of any penalties<br />
pend<strong>in</strong>g for tax non-compliance.<br />
Decision of <strong>the</strong> tax authority may be appealed with <strong>the</strong> Director of <strong>the</strong> State<br />
Revenue Service with<strong>in</strong> 30 days from <strong>the</strong> date <strong>the</strong> decision is received.<br />
The macroeconomic policy mix has been adequate and managed to cope with<br />
external shocks. The monetary framework, def<strong>in</strong>ed by <strong>the</strong> peg of <strong>the</strong> lat, has<br />
been stable and predictable. Fiscal policy has been responsive to this<br />
framework, by adopt<strong>in</strong>g a prudent stance overall, translat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to relatively<br />
low de<strong>fi</strong>cits on average, and flexibility <strong>in</strong> times of adverse economic shocks.<br />
This was <strong>in</strong> particular <strong>the</strong> case <strong>in</strong> 1999 <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> aftermath of <strong>the</strong> Russian crisis,<br />
when automatic stabilisers were allowed to play freely and some tax arrears<br />
were extended, lead<strong>in</strong>g to a temporary sharp <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> government de<strong>fi</strong>cit<br />
<strong>in</strong> 1999.<br />
Price liberalisation was completed prior to 1997, and market forces determ<strong>in</strong>e<br />
<strong>the</strong> majority of prices of goods and services. The proportion of items whose<br />
prices are regulated has been <strong>the</strong> same for several years, at about 20% of<br />
consumer price <strong>in</strong>dex, CPI. It is ma<strong>in</strong>ly prices for <strong>the</strong> services of public<br />
utilities that are still regulated; e.g. electricity, gas, water and telephone<br />
services. A cost-recovery mechanism is <strong>in</strong> place.<br />
The share of <strong>the</strong> private sector <strong>in</strong>creased rapidly up to 1998 and has cont<strong>in</strong>ued<br />
to <strong>in</strong>crease s<strong>in</strong>ce, but at a slower pace. Some 62% of GDP were produced <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> private sector <strong>in</strong> 1997, which had <strong>in</strong>creased to 69% by 2001. In terms of<br />
employment, <strong>the</strong> percentage is slightly higher.<br />
The land reform is close to be<strong>in</strong>g completed, and about 90% of agricultural<br />
lands are <strong>in</strong> private hands. A real-estate market exists and a system of<br />
mortgage lend<strong>in</strong>g is fully operational. The privatisation of apartments is<br />
ongo<strong>in</strong>g. Of all apartments, some 95% are assigned for privatisation, and of<br />
<strong>the</strong>se about 77% had been privatised by 31 October 2001.<br />
The privatisation process is nearly completed, but some large companies are<br />
still state-owned. Privatisation of small and medium-sized enterprises was by<br />
and large completed <strong>in</strong> mid-1998. However, <strong>the</strong> process has been slower s<strong>in</strong>ce