Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi

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247 FUTURE EXPECTATIONS EXPECTATIONS CONCERNING OVERALL EMPLOYMENT AND THE ECONOMY OF ONE'S OWN WORKPLACE Besides the trend assessments, working people's attitudes toward the future were evaluated according to two themes. Firstly, they were asked for an estimate of the general development in the employment situation during the coming year. In addition, they were to assess how the economy of their own workplace would develop during that next year. Data on both these topics were collected in 1998 also. EXPECTATIONS OF CHANGE: OVERALL EMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMY OF ONE´S OWN WORKPLACE 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% EMPLOYMENT ECONOMY OF WORKPLACE ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA 1998 2002 1998 2002 1998 2002 1998 2002 1998 2002 1998 2002 Much worse -18% -14% -11% -7% -35% -20% -6% -3% -3% -2% -7% -8% Slightly worse -39% -36% -24% -25% -24% -28% -18% -17% -11% -13% -13% -26% Much better 2% 1% 4% 3% 1% 1% 5% 5% 7% 5% 4% 1% Slightly better 11% 14% 20% 23% 8% 20% 23% 29% 28% 38% 19% 21% The expectations as to employment development in the following 12 months were more favourable than before in all three nations. The Latvians were definitely more positive in this respect than the Estonians and Lithuanians. However, despite the fact that the estimates have - taken generally - been more favourable than they were earlier, negative expectations continue to be more common than positive ones. The proportion of strongly negative expectations
248 is particularly great. In the view of many, the employment situation in a year's time may be much worse. There are very few who think that it will be much better. In Lithuania in 1998, there was a lot of scepticism as regards development in employment. Now, though, the situation has evened out. In 2002, the expectations in Estonia concerning employment turned out to be more negative than in the other two countries. Only 15 per cent of the Estonians expect that employment will improve during the coming year, and 50 per cent believe that it will deteriorate. Only one per cent expect the situation to be much better in a year's time. By contrast, many times that number - 14 per cent - reckon that it will be much worse. The development in the economy of one's own workplace during the coming year is viewed considerably more optimistically than the general employment development. For the workplace economy also, the expectations are the most positive in Latvia. Future trends in this aspect are clearly regarded the most unfavourably in Lithuania. In both Estonia and Latvia, positive expectations have increased during the three years. The development in Lithuania has been the opposite. There, in 1998, one-fifth reckoned that the economy at their own workplace was getting worse. Now, the corresponding proportion has grown to over one-third, 34 per cent. The percentage of favourable expectations, however, has stayed more or less the same. The Lithuanians' expectations are somewhat contradictory, because they believe more than before that employment in general will improve, but at the same time their belief in the economy of their own workplace has weakened. In Estonia and Latvia, the evaluation goes in the same direction for both aspects. Men's and women's expectations as regards employment differ only a little from each other. In all three countries, both the male and the female workers have estimated less often than before that the general employment situation is getting worse. Among the men, the change has been slightly greater than for the women. With the exception of Lithuania, the changes in positive assessments have been small for both males and females.
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247 LABOUR POLICY STUDIES Juha Anti
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FOREWORD The working life barometer
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SUMMARY This research study is the
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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............
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2 of the state was part of the deve
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4 to; and, in fact, it can be very
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6 PART ONE COUNTRY ESSAYS
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8 Industries: Food, textile, wearin
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10 Since the beginning of the 1990s
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12 As the number of working age pop
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14 2001 the unemployment rate of th
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16 In addition to unemployment bene
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18 the average wage is higher than
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20 proceeding from its economic opp
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LATVIA Jevg_nija Sviridenkova Senio
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24 improved, the institutional set-
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26 Once a year a taxpayer is allowe
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28 The legal framework for enterpri
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30 The aim of economic policy of th
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32 exchange rate ensures stable pri
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34 age population will not fall tha
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36 favourable conditions for invest
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38 conditions for investment and th
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40 The key elements of health promo
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42 Most of the higher educational i
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44 financial intermediation 96 015
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LITHUANIA 46 Gintare Buzinskaite Se
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48 The main legal act is the Consti
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50 According to the data of the cen
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52 money transfer from the EU will
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54 In 1997 the Government of Lithua
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56 without children had the biggest
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58 pensioners work. There were 67.7
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60 The biggest number of job vacanc
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62 Confederation of Lithuanian Indu
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64 Lithuania’s economy is growing
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66 In this section, we will examine
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68 other two countries, and so the
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50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 25% 70 UNION
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72 Trade union representation at th
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74 In any case, the proportion of u
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40% 20% 0% -20% -40% 32% -22% 76 OP
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78 to the trade union movement. In
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80 working hours, the same things w
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82 Lithuania. However, only 15 % of
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…at the workplace together with c
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86 NEGOTIATIONS ON EMPLOYEES' SAFET
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88 more collectivity in negotiation
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SALARY PAYMENT BASIS 90 ESTONIA LAT
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92 Baltic countries are often agree
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94 make the same purchase in Estoni
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96 In this way, the salary distribu
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WOMEN'S AND MEN'S NET SALARIES, 199
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100 The net salaries in the private
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102 women's salaries have improved
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104 portion in 2002 measured by the
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106 NET WAGES AND SALARIES BY DECIL
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108 erage salaries have fallen by 1
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LITHUANIA 110 The rise in consumer
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New workplaces Reorganised Old work
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114 taken into account, Lithuania's
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116 NET WAGES AND SALARIES BY DECIL
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118 In Estonia and Latvia the reorg
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120 MEDIAN SALARY IN 1998 AND 2002
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122 WAGE EARNERS' OWN ESTIMATE OF C
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124 ing people, the managers trust
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126 tively small, and so their sign
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128 clearly higher than in the othe
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130 The most problematic situation
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WEEKLY WORKING HOURS Estonia 132 Th
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134 mainstream in Latvia, since the
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136 Weekly working hours in Lithuan
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138 WORKING OVERTIME DURING A NORMA
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140 Unpaid overtime is more typical
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142 and why do they accept the prev
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EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS 144 The trends
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146 of no significance: in practice
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148 PROPORTION OF EMPLOYEES WHO HAV
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150 STRESS FACTORS AND CONFLICTS In
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152 nia has become much more demand
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154 Mean work intensity values (Sca
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60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% Durin
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LATVIA women men ESTONIA women men
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160 In 2002 in Latvia and Estonia,
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LATVIA women men ESTONIA women men
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164 Work safety in Latvia is seen a
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CONFLICTS 166 To finish this chapte
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168 In the question of conflicts, E
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170 may be a sign of efficiency; bu
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172 The workers' possibilities of i
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174 sumed that the question of sect
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176 two Baltic countries. This shou
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178 and the private sectors, though
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180 the individuals are allowed to
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JOB SATISFACTION 182 When working p
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100% 50% 0% -50% -100% 78% 78% -22%
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186 mosphere assessment between the
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188 aspects are enquired about: 1)
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190 public-sector workers are a lit
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192 sector, where nearly three-quar
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20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 15% 16% 194 THE P
Page 205 and 206: 196 home in connection with their m
Page 207 and 208: 198 ised by way of information netw
Page 209 and 210: 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 200 PERSONA
Page 211 and 212: 202 spects is (naturally) the same
Page 213 and 214: 204 tries. Under half (43 %) of all
Page 215 and 216: 206 The ageing workers, therefore,
Page 217 and 218: 208 information technology are grow
Page 219 and 220: 210 PARTICIPATED IN TRAINING PAID B
Page 221 and 222: 212 problem category in Finland are
Page 223 and 224: 214 DEVELOPMENT OF WORK ORGANISATIO
Page 225 and 226: 216 of, room and opportunities shou
Page 227 and 228: 218 been set up, with the aim of pl
Page 229 and 230: 220 PART THREE CURRENT TRENDS AND F
Page 231 and 232: 222 WORKING LIFE TRENDS IN ESTONIA,
Page 233 and 234: 224 HOW HAVE ASSESSMENTS OF WORKING
Page 235 and 236: MEN AND WOMEN 226 The changes takin
Page 237 and 238: 228 Greatest changes 1998 - 2002: E
Page 239 and 240: 230 TRENDS IN ESTONIAN WORKING LIFE
Page 241 and 242: LATVIA 232 The attitudes of the Lat
Page 243 and 244: 234 men have taken a somewhat more
Page 245 and 246: 236 In the oldest age group, there
Page 247 and 248: Meaningfulness Equality Environment
Page 249 and 250: MEN AND WOMEN 240 The increased neg
Page 251 and 252: 242 UNDER 30 YEARS Greatest changes
Page 253 and 254: 244 trend expectations can indeed b
Page 255: Meaningfulness Equality Environment
Page 259 and 260: 250 EXPECTATIONS: ECONOMY OF OWN WO
Page 261 and 262: 252 At the new workplaces establish
Page 263 and 264: 254 DISCUSSION: DIVERGING DEVELOPME
Page 265 and 266: 256 favourable direction and the de
Page 267 and 268: 258 A trend toward normalisation ca
Page 269 and 270: 260 ment staff. It is, in a way, na
Page 271 and 272: 262 still some big changes ahead fo
Page 273 and 274: 264 the salary due from their main
Page 275 and 276: 266 Job satisfaction Job satisfacti
Page 277 and 278: REFERENCES 268 Alasoini, T.: Suomal
Page 279 and 280: 270 http://www.stat.fi/tk/tp/maailm
Page 290: DATA COLLECTION AND SAMPLE DESIGN C
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33. Korkiasaari, Jouni: Siirtolaisi
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110. Aarne Mattila: Cooperation and
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179. Osmo Rahikainen, Pekka Ylösta
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243. Matti Vartiainen, Christina Sw
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