Working Life Barometer in the Baltic Countries 2002 (pdf) - mol.fi

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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................1 PART ONE COUNTRY ESSAYS .................................................................................6 Estonia by Toomas Piliste ................................................................................ 7 Latvia by Jevgenija Sviridenkova .................................................................... 22 Lithuania by Gintare Buzinskaite ...................................................................... 46 PART TWO QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE 1998 – 2002 .....................................65 Unionisation and bargaining ........................................................................... 66 Salary and livelihood ...................................................................................... 89 Working time and contracts .............................................................................. 131 Stress factors and conflicts .............................................................................. 150 Wage earners’ possibilities of influencing their jobs.......................................... 171 Job satisfaction.................................................................................................. 182 Telework and information technology in working life ....................................... 193 Job-related training............................................................................................ 209 Development of work organisations .................................................................. 214 PART THREE CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE EXPECTATIONS .......................220 In what direction is working life changing? ....................................................... 221 Future expectations............................................................................................ 247 DISCUSSION: DIVERGING DEVELOPMENT TRENDS ...................254 Summary of key findings................................................................................... 265 REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 268 APPENDIX ......................................................................................................... 272 Regional profiles: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania Data collection and sample design Questionnaires in English, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian and Russian
Page 1 and 2: 247 LABOUR POLICY STUDIES Juha Anti
Page 4 and 5: FOREWORD The working life barometer
Page 6 and 7: SUMMARY This research study is the
Page 10 and 11: INTRODUCTION 1 Working life and the
Page 12 and 13: 3 related to social relationships (
Page 14 and 15: 5 all three countries. All versions
Page 16 and 17: ESTONIA Toomas Piliste Reseach fell
Page 18 and 19: 9 Inflation, which slowed down afte
Page 20 and 21: 11 on demographic processes, in the
Page 22 and 23: 13 started 10 years ago. Of all tho
Page 24 and 25: 15 that lost the greatest number of
Page 26 and 27: 17 increased the attractiveness and
Page 28 and 29: 19 A household member spent on aver
Page 30 and 31: 21 acknowledging professional quali
Page 32 and 33: 23 Judicial branch: Supreme Court (
Page 34 and 35: 25 As regards customs, organisation
Page 36 and 37: 27 then. Nevertheless, some progres
Page 38 and 39: 29 The non-bank financial sector is
Page 40 and 41: 31 The most significant factors tha
Page 42 and 43: 33 So far economic development has
Page 44 and 45: 35 In general, there is a tendency
Page 46 and 47: 37 the concentration of industry an
Page 48 and 49: 39 policy. The Regional Development
Page 50 and 51: 41 knowledge and research skills, p
Page 52 and 53: 43 Public sector is more constant.
Page 54 and 55: 45 1. 2002 Regular Report on Latvia
Page 56 and 57: 47 Justice: Administered by courts
Page 58 and 59:
49 The road and railway networks ar
Page 60 and 61:
51 Adequately export increased by 2
Page 62 and 63:
53 The first phase of privatisation
Page 64 and 65:
55 In 1995-1999 the lowest average
Page 66 and 67:
57 Recreation and culture 16.6 4.1
Page 68 and 69:
59 unemployed was 57.9 thousand or
Page 70 and 71:
61 that are currently in effect con
Page 72 and 73:
63 thousand qualified workers were
Page 74 and 75:
65 PART TWO QUALITY OF WORKING LIFE
Page 76 and 77:
67 In Lithuania, no significant cha
Page 78 and 79:
69 Of the countries compared, trade
Page 80 and 81:
71 workers in Latvia and Estonia ar
Page 82 and 83:
WAGE EARNERS’OPINIONS OF THE TRAD
Page 84 and 85:
75 Wage earners' overall perception
Page 86 and 87:
77 ers. Employer opposition, howeve
Page 88 and 89:
79 The movement has been unable to
Page 90 and 91:
81 61 % consider personal agreement
Page 92 and 93:
100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 62% 37% 1%
Page 94 and 95:
100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75% 23% 85
Page 96 and 97:
87 earners, there would clearly be
Page 98 and 99:
89 SALARY AND LIVELIHOOD This chapt
Page 100 and 101:
91 In both of the years under study
Page 102 and 103:
WAGE EARNERS' NET INCOME 1998 - 200
Page 104 and 105:
95 The rise in consumer prices has
Page 106 and 107:
97 WOMEN'S SALARIES AS A PERCENTAGE
Page 108 and 109:
99 deciles. The percentage changes
Page 110 and 111:
101 NET WAGES AND SALARIES BY DECIL
Page 112 and 113:
200,0 180,0 160,0 140,0 120,0 100,0
Page 114 and 115:
105 erably during the three-year pe
Page 116 and 117:
107 In Latvia, salaries in the priv
Page 118 and 119:
109 In Latvia, the salary level at
Page 120 and 121:
111 almost the same as before, on a
Page 122 and 123:
113 In terms of 1998 prices, the di
Page 124 and 125:
115 an irregular way. In Lithuania,
Page 126 and 127:
117 grown; but in the case of the h
Page 128 and 129:
119 MEDIAN SALARY IN 1998 AND 2002
Page 130 and 131:
121 DIFFERENCE IN MEDIAN SALARIES B
Page 132 and 133:
123 In all three countries an overw
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25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 20% 125 WORKI
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127 In Estonia, receiving of black
Page 138 and 139:
129 DIFFICULTIES IN SALARY PAYMENTS
Page 140 and 141:
131 WORKING TIME AND CONTRACTS In t
Page 142 and 143:
133 Weekly working hours in Estonia
Page 144 and 145:
135 therefore be considered a count
Page 146 and 147:
137 been very significant in the wo
Page 148 and 149:
139 Lithuania, women who do overtim
Page 150 and 151:
1998 2002 141 OVERTIME WORK AND COM
Page 152 and 153:
UNPAID OVERTIME WORK BY OCCUPATION
Page 154 and 155:
145 portion of permanent working re
Page 156 and 157:
147 whereas for the over-50s the pr
Page 158 and 159:
149 SATISFACTION WITH CONTENT OF EX
Page 160 and 161:
151 The situation in Latvia has, on
Page 162 and 163:
153 TOO HIGH WORK INTENSITY BY ENTE
Page 164 and 165:
155 Change in tempo of work at one
Page 166 and 167:
60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% Durin
Page 168 and 169:
Mental stress has… considerably i
Page 170 and 171:
60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% Durin
Page 172 and 173:
60% 40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% 42% -
Page 174 and 175:
165 The development in occupational
Page 176 and 177:
167 extensive and an intensive sens
Page 178 and 179:
169 In Lithuania, the trend has bee
Page 180 and 181:
171 WAGE EARNERS' POSSIBILITIES OF
Page 182 and 183:
173 Even though in Latvia a slight
Page 184 and 185:
Private sector Public sector Men Wo
Page 186 and 187:
100% 50% 0% -50% 177 DEGREE OF INFL
Page 188 and 189:
Private sector Public sector Men Wo
Page 190 and 191:
181 wage earners - it is seen that
Page 192 and 193:
183 result. The Lithuanian women's
Page 194 and 195:
185 most satisfied of all. The gaps
Page 196 and 197:
187 more female workers than males
Page 198 and 199:
100% 50% 0% -50% 72% 189 I CAN TRUS
Page 200 and 201:
191 provocative statement more ofte
Page 202 and 203:
193 TELEWORK AND INFORMATION TECHNO
Page 204 and 205:
195 vate-sector teleworkers clearly
Page 206 and 207:
197 MODERN SOCIETY - INFORMATION SO
Page 208 and 209:
199 USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY D
Page 210 and 211:
201 USE OF PERSONAL COMPUTER IN ONE
Page 212 and 213:
100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 100% 80% 60
Page 214 and 215:
205 luctance to learn the use of ne
Page 216 and 217:
207 WORKING TIME SPENT USING COMPUT
Page 218 and 219:
209 JOB-RELATED TRAINING Raising th
Page 220 and 221:
211 lic sector are, on average, bet
Page 222 and 223:
213 training paid for by the employ
Page 224 and 225:
215 ences between the sectors in bo
Page 226 and 227:
217 dicators. Also the low level of
Page 228 and 229:
219 DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AT WORKP
Page 230 and 231:
221 This chapter will first discuss
Page 232 and 233:
223 mental issues and empowerment.
Page 234 and 235:
225 TRENDS IN ESTONIAN WORKING LIFE
Page 236 and 237:
Meaningfulness Equality Environment
Page 238 and 239:
Meaningfulness of working Gender eq
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
MEN AND WOMEN Meaningfulness Equali
Page 244 and 245:
235 trends in management methods an
Page 246 and 247:
237 TRENDS IN LATVIAN WORKING LIFE
Page 248 and 249:
LITHUANIA 239 Lithuania differs fro
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
243 Greatest chances 1998 - 2002: e
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
247 FUTURE EXPECTATIONS EXPECTATION
Page 258 and 259:
40% 20% 0% -20% -40% -60% 249 EXPEC
Page 260 and 261:
251 The situation in Latvia is othe
Page 262 and 263:
253 and acquiring of information as
Page 264 and 265:
255 Beneath the surface of this sim
Page 266 and 267:
257 There have been no significant
Page 268 and 269:
LATVIA 259 In many aspects of worki
Page 270 and 271:
261 Entrepreneurs in the Baltic cou
Page 272 and 273:
263 the men has grown only a little
Page 274 and 275:
265 are clearly used more seldom as
Page 276 and 277:
Development activities in work orga
Page 278 and 279:
269 Cully, M. & Woodland, S. & O’
Page 280:
271 Mishra, A.: Organizational Resp
Page 319 and 320:
TYÖPOLIITTINEN TUTKIMUS 1. Tuohine
Page 321 and 322:
73. Niskanen, Toivo: Työllistämis
Page 323 and 324:
146. Simo Aho, Riitta Lavikka, Toom
Page 325 and 326:
209. Ilmakunnas Pekka ja Maliranta
Page 327:
MINISTRY OF LABOUR FINLAND P.O. Box
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