QF0159 Marketing Release Record

Novocastra Glial Fibrillary Acidic
Protein
Clone GA5
1 mL lyophilized NCL-GFAP-GA5 FP IVD
7 mL BOND ready-to-use PA0026 P (HIER)
Antigen Background
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein of
52 kD reported to be expressed in glial cells eg astrocytes and ependymal
cells. In the peripheral nervous system, GFAP has been reported to be
expressed in Schwann cells, enteric glial cells and satellite cells of human
sensory ganglia and in neoplastic tissues GFAP has been reported to be
expressed in astrocytomas and ependymomas.
Product Specific Information
When using NCL-GFAP-GA5 the heat induced epitope retrieval (HIER)
technique may improve staining in some cases.
Novocastra Glucagon
Polyclonal
0.5 mL lyophilized NCL-GLUCp FP IVD
Polyclonal
7 mL BOND ready-to-use PA0594 P (HIER)
Antigen Background
Glucagon expression has been reported in the endocrine cells of the
pancreatic islets and also in the mucosa of small and large intestine.
Pancreatic glucagon, a peptide of 29 amino acids, has biological activities
including glycogenolysis, lipolysis, gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis. These
effects are all antagonistic to insulin action and, therefore, lead to increased
blood sugar levels. The majority of glucagonomas are reported to arise from
the pancreas and produce pancreatic glucagon. These tumors are found
chiefly in the main body or tail of the pancreas.
Human pancreas: immunohistochemical staining for Glucagon using NCL-GLUCp.
Note cytoplasmic staining in the endocrine cells of the islets. Paraffin section.
IVD
IVD
Novocastra Glucocorticoid Receptor
Clone 4H2
1 mL lyophilized NCL-GCR P (HIER) W
RUO*
The glucocorticoid receptor of molecular weight 90 kD has three main
functional regions; the N-terminal modulating region, the DNA binding
region and the C-terminal steroid binding region. The glucocorticoid
receptor is reported to be widely distributed and expressed in many cultured
cell lines eg CEM-C7. Glucocorticoid receptor is reported to be expressed in
neoplastic cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Two isoforms of
glucocorticoid receptor exist; alpha and beta, with the alpha form usually
the most abundant. The control of gene expression by glucocorticoids has
been widely studied as a model for transcriptional regulation. Glucocorticoid
receptors are reported to induce or repress the expression of genes in
response to glucocorticoids, mediating such processes as cell growth,
differentiation and apoptosis. Glucocorticoid receptors may also form a
complex with heat shock protein 90 and in certain instances render the nonligand
bound receptor transcriptionally inactive.
Product Specific Information
NCL-GCR is raised to the N-terminal modulating region.
Human tonsil: immunohistochemical staining for glucocorticoid receptor using NCL-GCR.
Note nuclear staining in a wide distribution of cell types. Paraffin section.
Novocastra Glutathione S-Transferase
(GST) Antibodies
Clone 10H6
1 mL lyophilized Glutathione S-Transferase (mu)
NCL-GSTmu-437 P RUO*
Clone LW29
1 mL lyophilized Glutathione S-Transferase (pi)
NCL-GSTpi-438 FP IVD
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a multigene family of isoenzymes
which catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic substrates.
These enzymes are involved in the detoxification of both endogenous and
exogenous electrophiles which can react with cellular components such as
DNA. The modification of DNA by reactive compounds can initiate carcinogenesis
and the GSTs are believed to play a role in neutralizing carcinogens.
The cytosolic GST isoenzymes have been classified into four evolutionary
classes; alpha, mu, pi and theta. These isoenzymes are reported to be singly
or multi-expressed in a variety of normal tissues, including stomach, bowel,
brain, heart, liver, pancreas, breast, kidney and skin at differing levels. In
gastric cancers, the levels of GSTalpha and pi are reported to differ from
normal gastric tissue with GSTalpha showing decreased levels and GSTpi
increased levels. High levels of GSTpi are reported in some breast cancer
cells and have been associated with chemotherapeutic agents. Likewise, in
human lung squamous cell carcinomas, high levels of GSTpi are reported to
be associated with resistance to the drug cisplatin. The expression of
GSTmu has been reported to be high in acute myeloid leukemias. GSTmu is
also known to play a role in detoxification of epoxides released from
cigarette smoke.
F Frozen I Immunofluorescence E Electron microscopy
P Paraffin C Flow cytometry O Other applications
W Western blotting
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Primary Antibodies