Reaching the marginalized: EFA global monitoring report, 2010; 2010

100CONTENTS2Education for All Global Monitoring Report3.27: Many of Kenya’s arid districts are left behind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1793.28: Burkina Faso’s children with disabilities face deep but varied levels of disadvantage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1833.29: The Inclusive Education Triangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1873.30: Redistribution of public finance benefits the lowest performing districts in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 2113.31: Federal government redistribution leaves large gaps in Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2134.1: Africa faces the greatest projected shortfall in total aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2214.2: Nearly all donors are falling short of their aid pledges for 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2224.3: Most G8 countries are falling short of their ‘fair share’ in aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2234.4: Most non-G8 donors also have a long way to go . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2234.5: Spain is on track to achieve its national aid target while Italy is off track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 2254.6: Aid disbursements to education have been on a steadily rising trend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2274.7: After rising in the early part of the decade, aid commitments to basic education are stagnating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2284.8: The lion’s share of aid is committed by a small group of donors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2294.9: The priority given to low-income countries has not changed since Dakar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2294.10: Only a few donors give priority to basic education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2304.11: The extent to which donors use recipients’ financial systems is not related to their quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2364.12: The use of recipient financial management systems varies by donor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2374.13: Conflict-affected poor countries receive a low share of aid to education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2414.14: Distribution of aid to education among conflict-affected poor countries is uneven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 2414.15: Spending per primary school child is low in conflict-affected poor countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 2424.16: Peacekeeping and reconstruction in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Liberia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2444.17: Between 2002 and 2008, the FTI endorsed thirty-six countries’ national plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . 2534.18: A small group of countries dominates donor support of the FTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2554.19: There are long delays between allocation and first disbursement from the Catalytic Fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2564.20: Full disbursement of Catalytic Fund grants can take years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2574.21: The Global Fund has broad-based donor support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263Tables1.1: Potential revenue loss in sub-Saharan Africa, 2008–2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.2: Fiscal space in sub-Saharan Africa, selected countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.1: Pre-primary enrolment and gross enrolment ratios by region, 1999 and 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 512.2: Primary enrolment by region, 1999 and 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622.3: Number and % of children and adolescents of primary, lower secondary or basic education agenot enrolled in primary, secondary or higher education, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742.4: Enrolment in technical and vocational education (TVE) by region, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802.5: Gross enrolment ratios in secondary and tertiary education, 1999 and 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 802.6: Adult (15 and over) illiteracy rates and numbers, by region, 2000–2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952.7: Results from early grade reading assessments (correct words per minute) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 1132.8: Targets for the global costing exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1222.9: 2015 targets for main cost parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232.10: Costs of achieving Education for All in low-income countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1252.11: Average annual financing gaps in low-income countries, 2008–2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130viii