Reaching the marginalized: EFA global monitoring report, 2010; 2010

0120ANNEXEducation for All Global Monitoring Reportlearning achievement 107, 110–11literacy programmes 103multigrade teaching 192primary education 192reading literacy 108, 109‘second chance’ programmes 89, 90social protection programmes 294targeted programmes 199technical and vocational education 78Chile Crece Contigo 53Chile Solidario 294Chinaadult literacy 95, 95, 97, 100distance learning 194economic downturn 28, 36education aid donor 231, 231–2Global Fund donor 263human rights 293migrant children 177primary education, enrolment 177unemployment 25, 33civil conflict see conflict areascivil rights, equity rulings 204, 205, 205civil society organizations (CSOs) 275classroom constructionaid 219, 234, 251costs 123, 124, 125, 126expansion of access 186, 191, 208, 295climate events, effect of droughts 24, 25, 166,167, 178, 193cognitive developmentand age of mother 47effect of cash transfer programmes 48,49, 294in ethnic communities 171effect of malnutrition 43, 43, 44, 46and socioeconomic background 49, 50cohort tracking, primary education 73–4, 73Colombiaeducation poverty 140, 143, 149, 160, 161gender parity/disparity 149, 160, 161learning achievement 105, 106, 107, 110multigrade teaching 192out-of-school children 70, 161primary education 192enrolment 63reading literacy 108, 109relative deprivation 151, 151rural areas 160, 161school completion 72social protection programmes 294technical and vocational education 78commercial training (work based training)78–9commitments see aid commitmentsCommunitas Foundation 263community schools 194–5Comorosfiscal space 30, 31human rights 292stunted children 44teachers 117companieslinks with education 92work based training 78–9complementary education programmes 194,195Complementary Rapid Education for PrimarySchools (Sierra Leone) 194completion rates see school completioncomprehension, and reading fluency 112compulsory education see universal primaryeducation (UPE) (EFA goal)CONAFE (Consejo Nacional de FomentoEducativo)(Mexico) 111concessional financing, for low-incomecountries 19, 32n, 33, 33–4, 36concour examination (Islamic Republicof Iran) 85conditional cash transfers 207, 294–5conflict areasaidfor basic education 122, 130bilateral donors 245for education 245, 249, 259, 267effective working 243–7FTI response 249, 259–61, 267health 263–4humanitarian 241–3IMF support 33monitoring 240–1multidonor trust funds 245, 246, 246need for 217, 220, 273predictability 234child mortality rate 179and classroom shortages 191–2disability from injuries 181–2displaced people 179–80, 180and education poverty 145, 147, 148, 179–80effect on education system 69and malnutrition 45out-of-school children 56–7, 179re-enrolment campaigns 192rebuilding costs 124reconstruction programmes 181, 194revenue collection 129Congoeducation poverty 140, 160, 161fiscal space 30, 31gender parity/disparity 160, 161human rights 292, 293out-of-school children 161primary education, enrolment 59, 65pupil/teacher ratio 115rural areas 160, 161school completion 72teachers 114, 117Congo, Democratic Republic see DemocraticRepublic of the CongoConsejo Nacional de Fomento Educativo(CONAFE) (Mexico) 111Constituency Development Fund (Kenya) 211contract teachers 115, 117Convention Against Discrimination inEducation 1960 135, 292Convention concerning Indigenous and TribalPeoples in Independent Countries1989 293Convention concerning the Prohibitionand Immediate Action for theElimination of the Worst Formsof Child Labour 1999 293Convention on the Elimination of All Formsof Discrimination against Women(CEDAW) 1979 292Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)1989 135–6, 138, 204–5, 293Convention on the Rights of Persons withDisabilities (CRPD) 2006 202, 293Cook Islandsprimary education, enrolment 63corruption 218cost barriers, health care 42, 48, 48Costa Ricalearning achievement 107reading literacy 108technical and vocational education 78Côte d’Ivoireadult literacy 97basic education 127, 128child labour 168concessional loans 35ECCE programmes 52education aiddisbursements 242national systems 236education expenditure 126, 127, 242education poverty 141, 142, 143, 160, 161fiscal space 30, 31gender parity/disparity 141, 142, 160, 161loan conditions 35–6out-of-school children 161primary education 126enrolment 69pupil/teacher ratio 115rural areas 142, 160, 161stunted children 44teachers 114, 117countries in transitionsee also individual countries;middle-income countriesadult literacy levels 95, 98net enrolment ratio 62out-of-school children 74pre-primary education 51primary education 62secondary education 80tertiary education 80Country Coordinating Mechanism(Global Fund) 262, 263country ownershipand FTI process 253for health aid 262CRC (Convention on the Rights of the Child)1989 135–6, 138, 204–5, 293crisis situations see conflict areas; droughts;economic shocks; external shocks;fragile statesCroatiareading literacy 109cross-country disparities, education poverty139–40, 140–1CRPD (Convention on the Rights of Personswith Disabilities) 2006 202, 293CSOs (civil society organisations) 275Cubaeducation poverty 160, 161gender parity/disparity 160, 161human rights 292learning achievement 107out-of-school children 161reading literacy 108rural areas 160, 161cultural discrimination 157, 158, 158, 169,171–2, 178, 204, 205, 292–3cultural distance, effect on education 191currency fluctuationssee also economic downturn; financialcrisiseffect on aid 224Cyprushuman rights 293learning achievement 105490