Reaching the marginalized: EFA global monitoring report, 2010; 2010

GLOSSARYEnrolment. Number of pupils or students enrolled ata given level of education, regardless of age. See alsoGross enrolment ratio and Net enrolment ratio.Equivalency education. Programmes primarily organizedfor children and youth who did not have access to, orwho dropped out of, formal primary/basic education.Typically, these programmes aim at providingequivalency to formal primary/basic education.Gender parity index (GPI). Ratio of female to malevalues (or male to female, in certain cases) of a givenindicator. A GPI of 1 indicates parity between sexes;a GPI above or below 1 indicates a disparity in favourof one sex over the other.Gender-specific EFA index (GEI). A composite indexmeasuring gender parity in total participation inprimary and secondary education, and in adult literacy.The GEI is calculated as the arithmetic mean of thegender parity indices of the primary and secondarygross enrolment ratios and of the adult literacy rate.Gross enrolment ratio (GER). Total enrolment in aspecific level of education, regardless of age, expressedas a percentage of the population in the official agegroup corresponding to this level of education. For thetertiary level, the population used is that of the five-yearage group following on from the secondary schoolleaving age. The GER can exceed 100% due to earlyor late entry and/or grade repetition.Gross intake rate (GIR). Total number of new entrantsto a given grade of primary education, regardlessof age, expressed as a percentage of the populationat the official school entrance age for that grade.Gross domestic product (GDP). The value of all finalgoods and services produced in a country in one year(see also Gross national product). GDP can bemeasured by aggregating an economy’s (a) income(wages, interest, profits, rents) or (b) expenditure(consumption, investment, government purchases),plus net exports (exports minus imports).Gross domestic product per capita. GDP divided bythe total population at mid-year.Gross national product (GNP). The value of all finalgoods and services produced in a country in one year(gross domestic product) plus income that residentshave received from abroad, minus income claimedby nonresidents.Gross national product per capita. GNP divided bythe total population at mid-year.HIV prevalence rate. Estimated number of peopleof a given age group living with HIV/AIDS at the endof a given year, expressed as a percentage of thetotal population of the corresponding age group.Illiterate. See Literate.Infant mortality rate. Probability of dying betweenbirth and the first birthday, expressed as deathsper 1,000 live births.International Standard Classification of Education(ISCED). Classification system designed to serve as aninstrument for assembling, compiling and presentingcomparable indicators and statistics of educationboth within countries and internationally. The system,introduced in 1976, was revised in 1997 (ISCED97).Labour force participation rate. The share of employedplus unemployed people in comparison with theworking age population.Life expectancy at birth. Approximate number of yearsa newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns ofage-specific mortality rates in the year of birth wereto stay the same throughout the child’s life.Literacy. According to UNESCO’s 1958 definition, theterm refers to the ability of an individual to read andwrite with understanding a simple short statementrelated to his/her everyday life. The concept of literacyhas since evolved to embrace multiple skill domains,each conceived on a scale of different mastery levelsand serving different purposes.Literate/illiterate. The term refers to a personwho can/cannot read and write with understandinga simple statement related to his/her everyday life.Net attendance rate (NAR). Number of pupils in theofficial age group for a given level of education whoattend school in that level, expressed as a percentageof the population in that age group.Net enrolment ratio (NER). Enrolment of the official agegroup for a given level of education, expressed as apercentage of the population in that age group.Net intake rate (NIR). New entrants to the first gradeof primary education who are of the official primaryschool entrance age, expressed as a percentageof the population of that age.447