W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

88 The Coins of Europe
republic. But the Venetian rule was very imperfect and desultory, and
was chiefly limited to the ports and the settlement at Colonia Venetorum.
The republic struck pieces of 60, 30, and 1 5 tornesi, soldini, soldi, gazzette,
and during 1650 siege-money in bronze or copper of 5 and 10 lire. One
piece bears the name of the Venetian governor, Grimani. These latter
are very rare.
Capua, a mint of the Norman Princes of Apulia. Civitas Capvana.
The place of origin of a small copper piece of Anfusus, father or son, circd
A.D. 836, with An. P. Ri. [Anfusus Princeps\ in the angles of the division
on obv., and on rev. a horseman.
Carcassonne, Dept. of Aude, a countship established by Charlemagne,
and in 872 under the government of the Counts of Toulouse. The
earliest coins belong to the nth c., and are of the Tolosan type. Also
an episcopal mint, and one occasionally employed by the Bishop of
Girone. In 1067 the domain and the monetary rights were sold to the
Count of Barcelona for 1 100 ounces of gold but the new seigneur conferred
on the former lord the title of Viscount and feudal possession ; of
all but the town and its precincts. In a document of 1125-26 the locality
at Beziers where the money was struck is described as " turris monetaria
vetus." The mint appears to have been abandoned at that time, and
to have been reopened about 1 1 50, in which year mention occurs of the
money of B. being current throughout the lordship of Agde.
Carin, Austrian Illyria, and the place which gave
its name to
Carinthia, a mint of the early seigneurs of Stein or Steyn. A coin of
Arnould, I4th c., has Dns. Stein, and Karinie for the mint.
Carlovingian Mints. In the Edict of Pitres, 864, the following mints
are all that occur : The Palace (see Moneta palatina in Cat. of Denom.),
Quentovic near Etaples, Rouen, Reims, Sens, Paris, Orleans, Chalonssur-Saone,
Melle, and Narbonne. Quentovic is here mentioned as
already an ancient place of coinage. The number greatly increased at a
subsequent date, and comprised under successive reigns down to the
Bourbon era, when the system became more centralised, nearly every
present of
place of importance in the kingdom or empire, and many at
no note, if they have not in a few cases disappeared or baffled identification.
Among the seats of coinage of Pepin le Bref and his successors
to the close of the loth c.
may be cited Aries, Besancon, Cambrai,
:
Chartres, Chalons-sur-Saone, Le Mans, Mayence, Meaux, Maestricht,
Narbonne, Paris, Quentovic, Reims, Soissons, Strasburgh, Troyes,
Verdun, Clermont-Ferrand, Lyons, Aix-la-Chapelle, Avranches, Angouleme,
Avignon, Beneventum, Bingen, Bonn, Durstede, Dinant, Florence,
Lucca, Limoges, Laon, Treviso, Uze"s, Pisa, Parma, Rome, Rennes, Tours,
Barcelona, Bourges, Bordeaux, Chur, Marseilles, etc.
Cannagnola, Piedmont, a place of coinage of the Bishops of Lausanne
at an early period, and a mint of the Marquises of Saluzzo, I5th-i6th c.
Money was struck here in all metals. One of the gems of the Rossi collection
(Cat. 1880, No. 771) was a gold lo-scudi piece from the Montenuovo
cabinet with Lvdovicvs Marchio et Margarita de Fois. M.S. and the
portraits of both facing each other. This coin fetched 2300
lire. Marguerita
herself struck in 1516 a silver scudo or medaglia with her portrait
and the legend Margarita de Fvxo Marchionisa Salvciar, Qr'c.
1516.
Carpentras, 15 m. N.E. of Avignon, a mint of the popes during the
suspension of coinage at Rome. There is money in all metals between
1294 and 1342.