W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

362 The Coins of Europe
The titles on the coinage have naturally undergone
periodical modification consonant with the change of feeling
or circumstances. On the Kiev money of the tenth century
we encounter such antique forms as Vladimir, and this is his
money, or Vladimir on tJie throne, and this is his silver. A ruler
of the eleventh century, Swiatoslav Jaroslavitch (1073-78),
puts Money of Sviatoslaf. This was, as usual, for mutual
identification, and continued with variations down to the
time of the Romanoff dynasty, when a prince of that house,
Alexis Mikhailovitch (1645-76), styles himself great prince
of all the Great, Little, and White Russias. The Czarina
Anne on some pattern coins of 1740 claims to be Autocrat
of all the Russias. But from the death of Catherine II. the
legends become very laconic and succinct.
There are, beyond doubt, many rarities in the Russian
series with which we are still
very imperfectly conversant.
Any early gold, the products of the parent-mints at Kiev
and Novgorod, the first type of the rouble and its half in
fine state, the patterns which we engrave and others which
we name, the rouble of Peter the Great, 1725, the double
imperial of Catherine II., 1767, the half roubles of Ivan III.
and Peter III., the half imperial of 1801, and the 12 roubles
in platinum of 1832, may be recommended to particular
notice.
VI.
THE DANUBIAN PROVINCES
The two provinces of Bogdana or Moldavia and Wallachia,
originally separate states under their own waiwodes,
an