W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

Descriptive Outline of the Coinages of Europe 461
appear. Ferdinand III. or IV. (1759-1825) struck during
his very protracted reign distinct series in copper of cavalli,
grant, and tornesi, with reverses borrowed from ancient Greek
types, and legends significant of the happiness of his subjects
under such a prince. No cabinet should be without specimens
of the currency of " Le Beau Sabreur " and that of
Joseph Bonaparte. Of Murat we find the 40 and 20 lire,
the 5 lire and 12 carlini, and poorly -preserved copper
money we have met with the 3 grana, 1810; of King
Joseph there is scarcely anything but the scudo of 120
grant and the gold 20 lire ; his sway here was transitional.
Knights or Hospitallers of the Order of St. John ofJerusalem
at Malta
The coinage of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, of
whose annals and numismatic records the work of Furse
supplies so ample an account, 1 dates from the establishment
of the Order at Rhodes, and embraced the period from I 307
to 1
796. The earliest monuments of the mint at Rhodes
are grossi and mezzo-grossi of Fulco di Villareto (1307-19),
which were replaced under his immediate successor, Elion
di Villanova (131 9-46), by the gigliato and aspro? both
of silver. Diodato di Gozon (1346-53), who instead of
Custos Hospitalis styles himself Grand Master, is
supposed,
from a specimen engraved by Bosio, to have introduced
the first
gold money in the shape of a zeccliino
distinct in type from that subsequently current but the
;
piece is not at present known, and Furse speculatively
values it at 3000 fr. A billon denier and a piece corresponding
to the aspro, but called the third of the gigliato,
were the only additions to the coinage,
till Antonio Fluvian
struck the zecchino or ducat in gold in direct imitation of
the Venetian piece. Silver money of higher value and
grander module began to appear in the time of Pietro
1
Memoires Ntimismatiqiies de I '
Ordre Sotiverain de Saint Jean de Jerusalem.
Rome, 1885, imperial 8vo.
2
The aspro is still rare ;
of the gigliato there was a troiivaille at Ephesus.