W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

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416 The Coins of Europe WILLIAM I. (1814-40) Gold. i Ducat of the old type . 1814,1815 i Ducat of a new type . . 1817 (rejected) o Ducats , 1 8 1 8 . . . . i i Ducat . . . . 1819, etc. Silver. Rijksdaalder = ( i\ gulden) of old Utrecht type 1816, etc. Gulden and i . . . gulden v.y. Gulden, new type 1840 Billon. 5, 10, and 25 cents . v.y. Copper. Cent and \ cent . 1818,1819, etc. WILLIAM II. (1840-49) Gold. i Ducat =5 gulden 1841 Double ducat . . 1842 i Ducat . 1843 Negotiepenning (10 ducats) 1848 Silver. Rijksdaalder . . . v.y. Gulden and \ gulden . . v.y. ^ Gulden v.y. to . . 849 1 Gulden, i, and \ for Dutch East Indies . v.y. 10 Cents"(Gothic W.) . 1843 5 Cents . 1848 Copper. Cent and i cent . v.y. WILLIAM III. (1849-89) Gold. 20 Florins 5 Florins Silver. Rijksdaalder \ Gulden Gulden . Gulden 10 Cents v.y. from 5 Cents v.y. from Copper ( 2 1 Cents or < i Cent (two types) v.y. from Bronze ( i Cent (two types) v.y. from 1850 1850 1849 1849 1850 v.y. 1849 1850 1880 1850 1850 Silver. 2| Gulden i Gulden 25 Cents 10 Cents 5 Cents WILHELMINA (1889-93) 1892
Descriptive Outline of the Coinages of Europe 417 Independently of the internal currency for the Netherlands themselves, the Dutch Government down to 1889, when that grand-duchy passed to the Duke of Nassau, struck coins for Luxemburgh ; and it still continues to do so for the East Indies : the gulden, ^ gulden, ^ gulden, Til gulden, and - gulden in silver, and 2^ cents, I cent, and ^ cent in bronze. The minuter varieties in the monetary productions of the Flemish and Dutch mints, both in pieces struck for local and for general use, are so innumerable, that even in a monograph it is found almost impossible to exhaust the subject, and there exists, as a natural consequence, a vast assemblage of coins, which are co jiire unique or inedited. Looking back over the ground which we have traversed from the existing standpoint under modern conditions, we perceive how strangely and dramatically the tide of fortune and empire has flowed backward and forward throughout this picturesque and romantic region. The feudal or seigniorial basis, replacing an even more barbarous or at least primitive system of tribal life and government, constituted the source whence from time to time men of stronger character sprang, and exercised, occasionally during centuries, an authority nearly approaching to that of sovereign princes over a wide area outside their ancestral estates ; and there is the other constantly-recurring phenomenon of a supreme dominating influence, such as that of Charlemagne, Charles V., and Napoleon, which laid under its general allegiance a country abounding in brave and earnest men, but deficient in material organisation. The force of religious circumstances, in the case of the Northern Netherlands, accelerated the fall of Spanish power and the rise of the United Provinces but ; the German and French elements survived ; and Holland and Belgium knew security and repose only when they had parted with all that renders security and repose dear to a sufferance. The most nation. At present they exist by glorious days for them were those when they struggled for freedom. When freedom came, it was too late. 2 E
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COINAGE EUROPEAN CONTINENT
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THE COINAGE OF THE EUROPEAN CONTINE
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PREFACE IT is hoped that the follow
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' TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . FACE
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Table of Contents xi DESCRIPTIVE OU
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Xlll continued. PAGE Lucca 452 Geno
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Philip IV. of
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List of Illustrations xvii' PAGE 33
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INTRODUCTION I THE unabated and gen
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Introduction 3 to the wants, feelin
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Introduction 5 more centralised con
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Introduction 7 ing ideas and possib
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Napoleon Introduction 9 healthy emu
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Introduction 1 1 A scrutiny of the
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Introdiiction \ 3 centralisation. A
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Introduction 1 5 France by the Arab
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Introduction 1 7 certain resemblanc
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Introduction 1 9 VII The Low Countr
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Introduction 2 I autonomous coins o
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Introduction 2 3 numismatic annals
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Introduction 2 5 of France from the
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Introduction 2 7 her frontier exten
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Introduction 29 concave fabric of t
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Introduction 3 1 number, as in Fran
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Introduction 33 began to appear on
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Introduction 35 and by co-operative
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the lowest depths ^ve cry unto Tkee
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Introduction 39 placed on the coina
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Introduction 4 1 indecision as to t
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Introduction 43 It was upon the las
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Introduction 45 The use of copper a
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Introduction 4 7 material for fabri
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Introduction 49 Immense quantities
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Introduction 5 1 a new type and of
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Introduction 53 regime purely from
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fniroduction 5 5 disregard of econo
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Introduction 5 7 repeated, Was boun
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Introduction 59 date or the value w
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Introduction 6 1 the Hand, just as
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Introduction 63 contenting himself
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Introduction 65 commercial detail ;
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THREE CATALOGUES: I. CATALOGUE OF E
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70 The Coins of Europe were issued
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72 ' The Coins of Europe and mezzo-
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74 The Coins of Europe le Gros, and
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76 The Coins of Europe and Dukes of
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78 The Coins of Europe Kalmiintz, K
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8o The Coins of Europe usually disp
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82 The Coins of Europe Vettore Emma
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84 The Coins of Europe Guben, Havel
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86 The Coins of Europe Brussels, an
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88 The Coins of Europe republic. Bu
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go The Coins of Europe common with
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92 The Coins of Europe during the r
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94 The Coins of Europe Corfu. A coi
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96 The Coins of Europe pacification
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98 The Coins of Europe tion-money b
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ioo The Coins of Europe Eichstadt,
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' iO2 The Coins of Europe We find i
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IO4 The Coins of Europe Fossombrone
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io6 The Coins of Europe Fumes, W. F
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io8 The Coins of Europe Gliickstadt
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1 1 o The Coins of Europe Gruitrode
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1 1 2 7Yie Coins of Europe Jacob, L
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1 1 4 The Coins of Europe the 1 7th
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1 1 6 The Coins of Eiirope place st
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1 1 8 The Coins of E^lrope Charles
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I2O The Coins of Europe Boufflers,
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122 The Coins of Europe Lucera, in
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124 The Coins of Europe etc., and a
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126 The Coins of Europe of 2, 4, 8,
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128 The Coins of Europe Meddersheim
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1 30 The Coins of E^lrope Messina,
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132 The Coins of Europe the lordshi
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134 The Coins of Europe the Kings o
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136 The Coins of Europe in 1155. Tw
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138 The Coins of Europe Neufchateai
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1 40 The Coins of Europe Oberwesel,
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142 The Coins of Europe curious cop
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144 The Coins of Europe hours durin
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146 The Coins of Europe and during
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148 The Coins of Europe We have bef
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150 The Coins of Europe Eiffel, Neu
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152 The Coins of Europe mark was, l
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154 The Coins of Europe other of 15
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156 The Coins of Europe Saint-Venan
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158 The Coins of Europe on obv., an
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160 The Coins of Europe money was p
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1 62 The Coins of Europe Smallenber
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164 The Coins of Europe among which
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1 66 The Coins of Europe Tagliacozz
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1 68 The Coins of Europe left, OLL
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1 70 The Coins of Europe bracteates
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172 The Coins of Europe Vannes, a m
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1 74 The Coins of Europe chiefly fo
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176 The Coins of Europe here or at
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178 The Coins of Europe Yennc, a mi
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II. CATALOGUE OF EUROPEAN DENOMINAT
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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1 Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of Eiiropean Denomination
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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. Catalogue of Eiiropean Denominati
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' 'Catalogue of European Denominati
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.Catalogue of E^tropean Denominatio
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'Catalogite of European Denominatio
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogite of European Denomination
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Catalogiie of European Denomination
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246 The Coins of Europe 1460 John a
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248 The Coins of Europe 1409 Bernar
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250 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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252 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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254 The Coins of Europe 1 109 Wladi
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256 The Coins of Europe 1025 Miecis
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258 The Coins of Europe 1660 Charle
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260 The Coins of Europe Dukes of At
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262 The Coins of Europe Counts and
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264 The Coins of Europe Counts of W
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266 The Coins of Europe 1218 Arnoul
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268 The Coins of Europe Dukes of Fe
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270 The Coins of Europe 1466 Galeaz
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272 The Coins of Europe 1253 Pietro
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274 The Coins of Europe 1105 Roger
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276 The Coins of Europe Anglo-Galli
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2 7 8 The Coins of Eiiropc 1127 Gui
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280 The Coins of Europe Counts of B
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282 The Coins of Europe 1248 Alice
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284 The Coins of Europe 1125 Roger
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286 The Coins of Europe 1 60 1 -8 J
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288 The Coins of Europe Dukes of No
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Seigneurs de Sully 1398 1446 George
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The Coins of Europe IX. SPAIN Kings
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I. GERMANY CONFORMABLY with the pri
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Brunswick-Luneburg : triple thaler,
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' Descriptive Outline of the Coinag
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PRUSSIAN COINS, HTH-i8TH c. Schilli
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COI'NS OF AUSTRIA AND THE TYROL, 14
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Descriptive O^ltline of the Coinage
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RUSSIAN COINS (CHIEFLY PATTERNS), 1
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Page 417 and 418: COINS OF THE SOUTHERN NETHERLANDS.
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Page 433 and 434: Batavia : 48 stuiver, 1645. Arg. (c
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Page 437 and 438: COINS OF THE NORTHERN NETHERLANDS.
Page 439: RULERS OF THE NETHERLANDS. Charles
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Page 453 and 454: VENETIAN COINS. Matapan, i4th c. Go
Page 455 and 456: VENETIAN COINS. Silver ducat, later
Page 459 and 460: SAVOYARD COINS, 13111-17x11 c. Ludo
Page 463 and 464: COINS OF THE MEDICI FAMILY, 1533-17
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Page 483 and 484: SICILIAN COINS. Incuse silver denar
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FRANCE : COINS OF HENRY III. AND IV
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FRANCE: COINS OF LOUIS XIV. AND XV.
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FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY COINS, 1791-93
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Descriptive Oittline of the Coinage
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FRANCE : NAPOLEON I. AS FIRST CONSU
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Descriptive Oiitline of the Coinage
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Descriptive Oiitline of the Coinage
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FRENCH FEUDAL COINS. 1. Pavilion if
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SPANISH COINS, I3TH-I8TH c. LEON AN
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Descriptive O^ltl^ne of the Coinage
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533 The Coins of Europe Antwerp, 73
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540 The Coins of Europe King of Den
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542 The Coins of Europe Early coppe
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544 The Coins of Europe German occu
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546 The Coins of Europe Keller, Got
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548 The Coins of Eitrope Moors of G
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550 The Coins of Europe Plantagenet
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22 552 The Coins of Europe Seville,
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554 The Coins of Europe Venlo, 405
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" Mr. Hazlitt has done much work du
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30. Gleanings in Old Garden Literat
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W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

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