W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

208 The Coins of Europe
Jaques, the name of a Spanish copper coin, said to owe its name to
Jaca or Jacca in Arragon, which may be they indicated on some of the
money of Ferdinand VII., otherwise identical with the pieces of 8 maravedi.
But it seems to be open to doubt whether the \vordjagites was in
general acceptance, although the initiaiy may signify the Jaca mint.
Jeton, a production generally to be regarded as distinct from a coin,
and owing its name to its office as a token cast among the crowd on
special occasions, yet in certain cases very probably used as money.
Such, for instance, appear to be those of Philip II. of Spain, struck at
various places in the Spanish Netherlands, and known as oorts ;
and we
engrave one of the same monarch, 1582, which may have been struck in
Spain, as it differs from others of Flemish origin in our hands. It was
perhaps accepted in payment as a double Hard within the precincts of
the palace formerly a wide radius. There is, however, an immense body
of these monuments, issued on all sorts of occasions, and the greater part
must be clearly distinguished from the normal currency.
Joamese, Portuguese gold, value ,3:11:2. So called from John V.
The \ dobra. The popular name in England, where great numbers of
this and the dobra have been melted, \vasjoey.
Jubelgroschcn, a groschen struck in commemoration of any event.
Jubiletuns thaler, a commemorative thaler.
Jultusloeser, money of necessity struck by Julius, Duke of Brunswick,
1574-80 there are groschen and thalers (with the multiples to 10) in silver.
;
jus/o, a gold coin struck by Joao II. of Portugal, 1481-95, apparently
= from 540 to 600 reis, and first issued in 1490. Its name was suggested
by the reverse legend Justus Ut Palma Florebit.
*Jux, or Juck, Turkish, 100,000 aspers.
Kaiserthaler, the silver thaler without date of Maximilian I.
(1493-
1519), having on obv. a three-quarter portrait of the Emperor or
Kaiser to 1.
Kanna Drick, an oval copper coin struck for the Swedish miners of
Trollhatta, W. Gothland ;
there is an octagon piece of 2 kannor dricka.
Kipperthaler, or copper-thaler, a plated or billon thaler of Bavaria and
Saxony. But the latter seems to have varied from the Bavarian piece,
and to have been current for 4 grosschen only.
*Kitzc, Turkish gold. A Bag, value 30,000 piastres.
Klappemunze or guldengroschen, the name conferred on the earliest
silver thaler of Saxony (1486-1500). There are at least two varieties. In
the Reinmann Cat., 1891-92, Part ii.,
No. 4432, where a specimen sold for
245 marks, or :
,12 55., it is described as "Aeltester Giildengroschen."