W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

Catalogue of European Mints 107
reached the maximum of 20 gen. The doge Campofregoso (144?)
struck a piece of 10 gold scudi. From the I5th to the i8th c. various
types of the scudo or scuto, and of pieces of 2 and 4, appeared. A large
gold piece of 96 lire was issued in 1803. The Rossi Catalogue appears'
to ascribe all the gold genovini with the name of Conrad to the I2th c.,
whereas many certainly are 200 or 300 years later. There was also a
profusion of money in silver, billon, and copper; and there are six periods
of interruption of the autonomous coinage during the occupation by
Charles VI. of France (1396-1406), by the Dukes of Milan (1421-36,
1464-66, 1488-94), by Charles VII. of France (1458-61), and by Louis XII.
of France (1500-12). The French introduced some peculiar types, as
we have noted elsewhere. Louis XII. had a scudo d'oro borrowed from
the French ecu an soldi. During the revolutionary or transitional period
(1797-1814) there is a coinage of pieces of 12 lire in gold, of a scudo of
8 lire, with the half, and of 10 soldi in silver, of a franc and \ franc with
the name of Napoleon I., 1813, and of 4 and 2 soldi in billon, 4 danari
in copper, etc. (1797).
Gera, Reuss, a place of coinage of the Abbesses, I3th c. (bracteates),
of the Bailli of Weida (i4th c.), etc. Gerana.
Gerdingen, Limbourg, Brabant, an early seigniorial mint, probably
only for strictly local coinage of copper or billon. Joanna, Lady of Stein
and Gerdingen, struck money here down to 1450.
Gernrode or Garrelsweer, W. Friesland, a mint of Egbert II., Count
of W. F., 1068-90. Geruiewrc or Gerewere.
Gerona, Navarre, the place of origin of a denier of the Carlovingian
period and type, with Gervnda. But it
appears that there was in the
loth-nth c. a local mint, of the profits of which the bishop was entitled
to a third.
Gertrudenberg, N. Holland, near Breda, a place of coinage of the Counts
of Holland, I4th A c. \ groot of Willem IV. (1337-45) was struck here.
Gesecke, Prussia, distr. of Arnsberg, a mint of the See of Cologne.
Gez, Savoy, a Savoyard mint, 1581-88.
Gheitt, a mint of the Counts of Flanders in the 13th and following
centuries. Schulman, Cat. v., No. 239, cites a half groat of Louis of
Crecy, 1322-46, struck there, as also a double vuurijzer of Philip le Bel
(1488-89). On a clinkaert or chaise of Philip le Bon, struck here in 1426,
he styles himself Heres Hollandiae. Ghent was a busy mint during a
long period. Attention may be drawn to the mites in various multiples
belonging to the last quarter of the i6th c. The civic pieces usually
have Ganda in the exergue. The English rose-noble and its half were
imitated here. In a half of 1583 the legend is Mon. Avrea Metropol.
Ganda Flan., and on the rev. Nisi. Dns. Cvstod. Civi. Frvstra. See a
curious reference to the counterfeit coin (a contemporary forgery) of
Jeanne, Countess of Flanders, in Sch., Cat. ix. 386.
Ghistelles, W. Flanders, near Ostend, the seat of a special coinage for
that province under Charles le Bon (1119-27), with his titles and
Ghistl. mo.
Gien-in-Berri, a fief belonging to the See of Auxerre. The brother-inlaw
of Bishop Hugues was the ancestor of the Sires de Donzy, who ceded
it in 1197 to Philip Augustus for 3000 silver marks of the Troyes standard.
Angevin types. Giemis Cas.
Gimborn, Westphalia, probably the place of origin of two silver coins
struck by Ludwig, Count of Walmoden-Gimborn, in 1802. See a note
in Schulthess, ii. 356.