W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

124 The Coins of Europe
etc., and a principal mint of the Bishops of Utrecht in the I2th and of
those of Liege in the I4th c. Some of their small coins bear the imperial
name coupled with their own. There is a denier of Raoul of Zeeringhen
and Frederic Barbarossa. M. was also a mint of the Flemings and
Spaniards from the I4th to the i6th c. A tuin of John IV., Duke ot
Brabant, 1414-27, and a philipsdaalder of Philip II. of Spain as King of
England, 1559, belong here. The Bishops, both of Utrecht and Liege,
struck money at St. Peter-te-Maestricht. There are pieces of 40, 24, 16,
8, 2, i, and \ stivers issued during the siege by the Spaniards in 1579,
and of 100 and 50 st. in silver during that by the French in 1794. The
higher values of the former series are plated, the others copper.
Magdeburg, Pruss. Saxony, a royal or imperial mint in the loth c.,
and down to the I5th, of the archbishops and the town separately or conjointly.
Bracteates and semi-bracteates succeeded by pfennigen. The
former bear the name of the town and the bust of St. Maurice. This
place seems to have been the cradle of the dukedom and kingdom of
Saxony, the earliest names mentioned in connection with the line having
been burgraves of M. in the loth c., and having probably had an interest
in the municipal coinage.
Maguelonne, Dept. of Herault, a Visigothic town and the seat of a
bishopric
it was destroyed in 737, and rebuilt in the i ith c. The See was
;
transferred to Montpellier in 1536. M. is now a mere village. A papal
bull of 1266 censures the Bishop for coining imitations of the Arabic
dirhem silver pieces of 10 deniers for the use of foreign traders in the
town or diocese. The ordinary money followed the types of Melgueil,
known as the inonnaie inelgoricnne. Comp. Substancion-Melgueil. The
accompanying denier of Maguelonne (end of nth c.) bears on rev. four
ornaments or symbols, usually termed annulets, but possibly meant for
eyelets or oilets, as in an early Latin document, quoted by Blanchet, they
seem to be referred to as oculi.
Majorca, a mint of the Almohades in Spain (516-668), and of the
special money struck by the Kings of Spain or of Majorca from the 1 3th to
the 1 8th c. for the Balearic Isles, with Rex Maioricarvm. This or rather
the capital, Palma, was the place of origin of siege-pieces of 1821 and
1823, made current in the name of Ferdinand VII. for 30 sous.
Malaga, a mint of the Almohades in Spain, 516-668.
Malines, or Mechlin, one of the three mints employed for his ambitious
and beautiful coinage by Louis of Maele, Count of Flanders, 1346-84, and
a place of coinage of the Dukes of Burgundy as Dukes of Brabant. A
denier noir of Philip le Bon, 1419-67, was struck here : also a double
patard of 1488.
Mai mii, a mint of the earlier Kings of Denmark, I4th c.
Malmoiens.
Manfredonia, a place of coinage of the early Kings of Sicily (i3th c.).
An obolo of Manfred II. has on the obv. in the field MA.
Mannheim, grand-duchy of Baden, formerly part of the duchy or
kingdom of Bavaria. Erected into a township in 1606. M. was the mint