W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

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488 The Coins of Europe At a somewhat lower level, from a territorial as well as political point of view, yet not less exempt from ordinary regal jurisdiction in the arrangement of their internal affairs, were the fiefs or lordships of Le Vexin Nogent-le-Roi Bondaroi (a chatellenie) Beaumont-le-Roger Romorantin Chateaudun Perche Berri Bourges Deols Isoudun Vierzon Donzy Saint-Aignan Mehun-sur-Yvre Chateau-Meillant Sancerre Charenton Linieres Grac,ay Brosse-Huriel ) Saint-Severe J La Ferte-Chauderon Velay Polignac Maul^on Ferenzac Lectoure I Lomagne J Ferenzaguet Astarac Pardiac Comminges Lescun Foix Castelbon Besalu Urgel Ampurias Carcassonne | Razez ( Beziers and Agde Omellas (barony) Montpellier Anduse Roquefeuil Rouergues and Rodez Albi Albi-Bonafos Beaucaire Cadenet Seyne Montelimart Lyons Gilley-Franquemont Bouhelier Beauffremont Chatelet Vauvillers Macon Tonnerre Sens Chateau Porcien Rethel Phalsburg and Lixheim Sedan and Bouillon Cugnon Les Hayons Beauvais Coucy Nesle Montreuil Douai (chatellenie) Bethune Beaumont Agimont Fauquembergues Encre Pequigny Elincburt Crevecceur Walincourt Serain Vaudemont Verdun Apremont Forcalquier A final series is composed of ecclesiastics, who were practically irresponsible to the Crown in respect of ordinary administrative jurisdiction, and whose various titles or dignities render them susceptible of an assortment under four or five heads Aries Archbishops Besanc,on Embrun Lyons Reims Bishops Le Puy Agen or Auch Strasburgh Chalons-sur-Marne Girone Carcassonne Substantion-Melgueil Uzes Meaux Verdun Langres
Descriptive Outline of the Coinages of E^^,rope 489 Laon Autun Noyon Cambrai Apt Metz Avignon Saint - Paul - Trois Chateaux Valence and Die Gap Toul Amiens Lodeve Viviers St. Martin de Tours Javouls ) Bergues St. Winoc Gorze Mende j St. Andre de Clermont Albi Cahors St. Martial Benedictine Abbey of Abbeys Massay Cluny Corbie Tournus Saint - Medard de Soissons St. Etienne de Dijon Priory St. Oyen de Joux or Souvigny-le-Vieux St. Claude St. Florent de Saumur Monastery Over a community so distributed and so organised, independently of the towns, where a certain share of municipal freedom gradually prevailed, the Kings of France claimed and exerted an authority fettered not by constitutional but by customary limitations, which were jealously guarded and often successfully enforced. In the main, so the Crown and its more long as internal affairs were tranquil, or less immediate dependents maintained an amicable understanding, however and the restrictions and burdens ; were chiefly reserved for the bourgeoisie and allodial tenants or tillers of the soil ; and among other interests in common the aristocracy enjoyed undisturbed possession of the honour and emolument arising from the universal title to strike money. The schedule, which is found above, shews that, whether temporal or spiritual peer, whether duke, seigneur, or chdtelain, prelate, prior, or abbot, the same indulgence or and even assisted in concession belonged to the position, supporting The it. profits of the local mints entered into the annual accounts ; the freer the alloy compatibly with the maintenance of a nominal standard, the higher, of course, was the scale of advantage and the sole condition ; imposed by the regal authorities appears to have been that the types should not be a direct counterpart of those employed by the king. In studying this or any other similarly extensive series, we
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COINAGE EUROPEAN CONTINENT
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THE COINAGE OF THE EUROPEAN CONTINE
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PREFACE IT is hoped that the follow
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' TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . FACE
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Table of Contents xi DESCRIPTIVE OU
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Xlll continued. PAGE Lucca 452 Geno
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Philip IV. of
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List of Illustrations xvii' PAGE 33
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INTRODUCTION I THE unabated and gen
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Introduction 3 to the wants, feelin
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Introduction 5 more centralised con
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Introduction 7 ing ideas and possib
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Napoleon Introduction 9 healthy emu
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Introduction 1 1 A scrutiny of the
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Introdiiction \ 3 centralisation. A
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Introduction 1 5 France by the Arab
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Introduction 1 7 certain resemblanc
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Introduction 1 9 VII The Low Countr
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Introduction 2 I autonomous coins o
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Introduction 2 3 numismatic annals
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Introduction 2 5 of France from the
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Introduction 2 7 her frontier exten
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Introduction 29 concave fabric of t
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Introduction 3 1 number, as in Fran
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Introduction 33 began to appear on
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Introduction 35 and by co-operative
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the lowest depths ^ve cry unto Tkee
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Introduction 39 placed on the coina
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Introduction 4 1 indecision as to t
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Introduction 43 It was upon the las
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Introduction 45 The use of copper a
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Introduction 4 7 material for fabri
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Introduction 49 Immense quantities
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Introduction 5 1 a new type and of
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Introduction 53 regime purely from
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fniroduction 5 5 disregard of econo
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Introduction 5 7 repeated, Was boun
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Introduction 59 date or the value w
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Introduction 6 1 the Hand, just as
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Introduction 63 contenting himself
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Introduction 65 commercial detail ;
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THREE CATALOGUES: I. CATALOGUE OF E
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70 The Coins of Europe were issued
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72 ' The Coins of Europe and mezzo-
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74 The Coins of Europe le Gros, and
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76 The Coins of Europe and Dukes of
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78 The Coins of Europe Kalmiintz, K
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8o The Coins of Europe usually disp
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82 The Coins of Europe Vettore Emma
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84 The Coins of Europe Guben, Havel
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86 The Coins of Europe Brussels, an
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88 The Coins of Europe republic. Bu
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go The Coins of Europe common with
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92 The Coins of Europe during the r
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94 The Coins of Europe Corfu. A coi
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96 The Coins of Europe pacification
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98 The Coins of Europe tion-money b
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ioo The Coins of Europe Eichstadt,
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' iO2 The Coins of Europe We find i
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IO4 The Coins of Europe Fossombrone
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io6 The Coins of Europe Fumes, W. F
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io8 The Coins of Europe Gliickstadt
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1 1 o The Coins of Europe Gruitrode
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1 1 2 7Yie Coins of Europe Jacob, L
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1 1 4 The Coins of Europe the 1 7th
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1 1 6 The Coins of Eiirope place st
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1 1 8 The Coins of E^lrope Charles
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I2O The Coins of Europe Boufflers,
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122 The Coins of Europe Lucera, in
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124 The Coins of Europe etc., and a
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126 The Coins of Europe of 2, 4, 8,
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128 The Coins of Europe Meddersheim
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1 30 The Coins of E^lrope Messina,
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132 The Coins of Europe the lordshi
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134 The Coins of Europe the Kings o
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136 The Coins of Europe in 1155. Tw
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138 The Coins of Europe Neufchateai
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1 40 The Coins of Europe Oberwesel,
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142 The Coins of Europe curious cop
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144 The Coins of Europe hours durin
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146 The Coins of Europe and during
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148 The Coins of Europe We have bef
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150 The Coins of Europe Eiffel, Neu
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152 The Coins of Europe mark was, l
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154 The Coins of Europe other of 15
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156 The Coins of Europe Saint-Venan
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158 The Coins of Europe on obv., an
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160 The Coins of Europe money was p
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1 62 The Coins of Europe Smallenber
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164 The Coins of Europe among which
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1 66 The Coins of Europe Tagliacozz
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1 68 The Coins of Europe left, OLL
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1 70 The Coins of Europe bracteates
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172 The Coins of Europe Vannes, a m
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1 74 The Coins of Europe chiefly fo
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176 The Coins of Europe here or at
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178 The Coins of Europe Yennc, a mi
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II. CATALOGUE OF EUROPEAN DENOMINAT
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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1 Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of Eiiropean Denomination
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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. Catalogue of Eiiropean Denominati
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' 'Catalogue of European Denominati
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.Catalogue of E^tropean Denominatio
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'Catalogite of European Denominatio
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogite of European Denomination
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Catalogiie of European Denomination
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246 The Coins of Europe 1460 John a
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248 The Coins of Europe 1409 Bernar
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250 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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252 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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254 The Coins of Europe 1 109 Wladi
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256 The Coins of Europe 1025 Miecis
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258 The Coins of Europe 1660 Charle
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260 The Coins of Europe Dukes of At
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262 The Coins of Europe Counts and
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264 The Coins of Europe Counts of W
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266 The Coins of Europe 1218 Arnoul
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268 The Coins of Europe Dukes of Fe
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270 The Coins of Europe 1466 Galeaz
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272 The Coins of Europe 1253 Pietro
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274 The Coins of Europe 1105 Roger
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276 The Coins of Europe Anglo-Galli
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2 7 8 The Coins of Eiiropc 1127 Gui
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280 The Coins of Europe Counts of B
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282 The Coins of Europe 1248 Alice
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284 The Coins of Europe 1125 Roger
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286 The Coins of Europe 1 60 1 -8 J
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288 The Coins of Europe Dukes of No
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Seigneurs de Sully 1398 1446 George
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The Coins of Europe IX. SPAIN Kings
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I. GERMANY CONFORMABLY with the pri
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Brunswick-Luneburg : triple thaler,
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' Descriptive Outline of the Coinag
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PRUSSIAN COINS, HTH-i8TH c. Schilli
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COI'NS OF AUSTRIA AND THE TYROL, 14
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Descriptive O^ltline of the Coinage
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RUSSIAN COINS (CHIEFLY PATTERNS), 1
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Descriptive OiUline of the Coinages
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COINS OF THE SOUTHERN NETHERLANDS.
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Descriptive O^ttline of the Coinage
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Batavia : 48 stuiver, 1645. Arg. (c
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' Descriptive Outline of the Coinag
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COINS OF THE NORTHERN NETHERLANDS.
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RULERS OF THE NETHERLANDS. Charles
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Descriptive O^ltline of the Coinage
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VENETIAN COINS. Matapan, i4th c. Go
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VENETIAN COINS. Silver ducat, later
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SAVOYARD COINS, 13111-17x11 c. Ludo
Page 461 and 462: Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
Page 463 and 464: COINS OF THE MEDICI FAMILY, 1533-17
Page 475 and 476: Maria Louisa, Duchess of Parma and
Page 479 and 480: Descriptive Ozitline of the Coinage
Page 483 and 484: SICILIAN COINS. Incuse silver denar
Page 487 and 488: COINS OF THE KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF
Page 497 and 498: FRANCE : COINS OF HENRY III. AND IV
Page 499 and 500: FRANCE: COINS OF LOUIS XIV. AND XV.
Page 501 and 502: FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY COINS, 1791-93
Page 503 and 504: Descriptive Oittline of the Coinage
Page 505 and 506: FRANCE : NAPOLEON I. AS FIRST CONSU
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Page 515 and 516: Descriptive Oiitline of the Coinage
Page 521 and 522: Descriptive Oiitline of the Coinage
Page 525 and 526: FRENCH FEUDAL COINS. 1. Pavilion if
Page 537 and 538: SPANISH COINS, I3TH-I8TH c. LEON AN
Page 547 and 548: Descriptive O^ltl^ne of the Coinage
Page 559: Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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533 The Coins of Europe Antwerp, 73
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540 The Coins of Europe King of Den
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542 The Coins of Europe Early coppe
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544 The Coins of Europe German occu
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546 The Coins of Europe Keller, Got
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548 The Coins of Eitrope Moors of G
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550 The Coins of Europe Plantagenet
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22 552 The Coins of Europe Seville,
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554 The Coins of Europe Venlo, 405
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" Mr. Hazlitt has done much work du
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30. Gleanings in Old Garden Literat
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W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

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