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comparative value priorities of chinese and new zealand

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Preferred Leader Behaviour across Cultures project that I manage is to improve the<br />

culture-free characteristics <strong>of</strong> that survey instrument.<br />

Yegane, Su <strong>and</strong> Chrysostome (2004) provide a recent critical review relating<br />

specifically to cross cultural research, <strong>and</strong> pointed out that cross-cultural management<br />

research suffers from many shortcomings, some related to methodology, others can be<br />

identified as epistemological <strong>and</strong> ontological problems. One can conclude from this<br />

review that a positivistic, empirical approach with carefully defined operational<br />

definitions, employing rigorous <strong>and</strong> appropriate analytic methods is the appropriate<br />

means <strong>of</strong> dealing with these problems. The issues are noted in Figure 4.2.<br />

Philosophy <strong>of</strong><br />

Science Issue:<br />

Pragmatic issue to<br />

be considered:<br />

Figure 4.2. Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Science Issues<br />

Ontology<br />

Existence: How does<br />

the researcher<br />

demonstrate that the<br />

phenomenon under<br />

study is a real<br />

phenomenon, e.g.,<br />

culture, cultural<br />

dimensions?<br />

In this study: Minkov (2007)<br />

proposes that cultural<br />

dimensions are<br />

artefacts created from<br />

imposing a template on<br />

a continuum. The<br />

templates imposed in<br />

this study are <strong>of</strong> people<br />

working <strong>and</strong> living in<br />

the cultural ecologies<br />

<strong>of</strong> New Zeal<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />

Guangzhou, China<br />

2004-2007.<br />

153<br />

Epistemology<br />

Truth: How does the<br />

researcher make a case<br />

that the research process<br />

actually provides a<br />

sufficiently accurate<br />

measure <strong>of</strong> the<br />

phenomenon under<br />

study?<br />

I will follow the rules <strong>of</strong><br />

evidence from empirical<br />

social science research.<br />

Methodology<br />

Reliability: How does<br />

the researcher make a<br />

case that the research<br />

process will produce<br />

similar results in similar<br />

situations, <strong>and</strong> nearidentical<br />

results in nearidentical<br />

situations?<br />

The research instruments<br />

have been subjected to<br />

extensive translation <strong>and</strong><br />

validation across<br />

cultures.<br />

Ontological issues considered in this study consist <strong>of</strong> dimensions <strong>of</strong> preferred leader<br />

behaviour. Cultural dimensions theories are a generally accepted measurable

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