comparative value priorities of chinese and new zealand

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Abraham, R. (1997). The Relationship of Vertical and Horizontal Individualism and Collectivism to Entrepreneurship and Organizational Commitment, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 18(4): 179-188. ABZ Bank. (2006). ANZ Announces the Opening of Its Office in Guangzhou, China. Melbourne, Au: ANZ Bank Corporate Communications, Http://Www.Anz.Com/Australia/Support/Library/Mr/Mr20060831.Pdf, Accessed 20 September 2008. Acton, G. S. (1998). Classification of Psychopathology: the Nature of Language. The Journal of Mind and Behavior, 19: 243-256. Acton, G. S. (1999). Interpersonal Theory and Circumplex Structure. Doctoral Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL. Http://Proquest.Umi.Com, Accessed 1 January 2004. Adams, E.F. (1978). A Multivariate Study of Team Member Perceptions of and Attitudes toward Minority and Majority Managers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(3), 277-288. Adler, Nancy J. (1983). A Typology of Management Studies Involving Culture. Journal of International Business Studies, 14(3), 29-46. Adler, Nancy J. and Graham, John L. (1989). Cross-Cultural Interaction: the International Comparison Fallacy? Journal of International Business Studies, 20(3): 515-537. Adler, Nancy J. and Gundersen, Allison. (2008). International Dimensions of Organisational Behavior. Florence, KY, USA: Cengage. Adler, Nancy J.; Campbell, Nigel and Laurent, Andre. (1989). in Search of Appropriate Methodology: From Outside the People's Republic of China Looking In. Journal of International Business Studies, 20(1): 61-74. Adler, Nancy J.; Doktor, R. Redding, S. G. (1986). From the Atlantic to the Pacific Century: Cross-Cultural Management Reviewed. Yearly Review of Management of the Journal of Management, 12(2): 295–318. Agarwal, Sanjeev; Decarlo, Thomas E. and Vyas, Shyam B. (1999). Leadership Behavior and Organizational Commitment: A Comparative Study of American and Indian Salespersons. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(4): 727-743. Aggernæs, Anton. (1989). Livskvalitet (Quality of Life). Copenhagen, Denmark: Fadl Publ. Agnihorty, R. (1986). Human Values Vis-À-Vis Education. in S. P. Ruhela (Ed.), Human Values and Education (pp. 40- 43). New Delhi, India: Sterling. Ah-Chong, Lee Moya and Thomas, David C. (1995). Cross-Cultural Research in New Zealand Organizations: What We Know and What Needs to Be Addressed. Journal of the Australia and New Zealand Academy of Management, 1(2): 14-32. 351
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COMPARATIVE VALUE PRIORITIES OF CHI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Countries as Cultural Units .......
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New Zealand SVS Sample SEM Test Res
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Linear Regression Results for the G
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Figure 4.20. USA Item Distributions
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Figure 6.2. Comparing SSA Results F
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I gratefully ackno
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ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis
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PREFACE I have occasionally used un
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COMMENTS CONCERNING BIBLIOGRAPHY Th
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though there have been a number of
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New Zealand and China entered into
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� clean and green but complacent,
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improve success rates in doing busi
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Expanding operations to countries w
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� What are the relationships betw
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CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS W
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for example, Einstein’s General T
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attributes that are believed to det
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and motivation; for further definit
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Figure 2.1. Relationships of Leader
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Studies indicated that the leader b
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dimensions, developing nine cluster
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THE OHIO STATE LEADER BEHAVIOUR THE
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Figure 2.2. Correspondences amongst
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. Leadership as an effect of intera
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strong sense of “neiren” (inner
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given culture if a particular style
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� Kolb (1995) found the LBDQXII a
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initiating structure (Fleishman, 19
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laissez faire management provided r
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accounted for approximately 50 and
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valence. An adaptive feedback syste
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International Managerial Leadership
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Figure 2.5. Spencer and Peterson’
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interrelationships of dimension mea
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Direction, Universalism, Benevolenc
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Individuals promote values they con
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develop. The organisation is then m
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(5) Values are ordered by importanc
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ten basic values can be characteriz
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Figure 2.8. Chart of SSA Positionin
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the data and the impact of random s
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CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW WITH S
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The choice of direction of the orig
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now briefly summarise some major th
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The Role of Overseas Chinese Undoub
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Regional cultural distinctions tend
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interpreted as indicators of their
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usinesspeople might be attributed t
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culture that shapes us today. Confu
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Figure 3.2. Rankings of SVS Dimensi
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Holt (1997) investigated how cultur
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Statistically there are significant
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Comparison of Student and Teacher V
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Figure 3.8. ANOVA Tests of Between-
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There are questions concerning the
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Islamic Middle East, and “Africa
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of the literature points to four br
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1. The relative importance of goals
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specific role demands of leaders, t
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in one or more areas, as well as a
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9. Imaginative - creative but think
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transformational leadership style w
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Figure 3.11.Generation Cohorts in C
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Life stage Opportunities, demands,
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Evolutionary thinking might also ex
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found that, aggregated over field a
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CULTURE AND LEADERSHIP In every cul
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societies with relatively high Powe
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studying Paternalism, as it is a ge
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CHAPTER 4: METHODS AND METHODOLOGY
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Number of Areas Sampled In this stu
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Von Krogh and Roos (1995) assert th
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eplicated to similar cases, and thi
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acceptable for study. This, of cour
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phenomenon in major theories in the
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interior of China with no access to
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different populations including Uni
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I am also interested in investigati
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Kuan Tze (pinyin: Guanzi, also “K
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Figure 4.4. Ethno-Religio-Linguisti
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Mean Dimension Scores Raw Score Mea
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An extensive meta-analysis of the s
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LBDQXII Dimension F 8: Consideratio
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Pearson correlations. Schwartz’ u
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� eliminates the necessity of cho
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Schwartz proposes value relationshi
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East Asia. China and New Zealand we
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SVS Dimension GZ: alpha for dimensi
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multiple levels of analysis so that
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individuals tend to assign shared m
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characteristic and wealth as a “n
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Multi-Organisational Levels of Anal
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LBDQXII Varimax Factors in the USA
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Individual and culture-level analys
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and by adding a descriptive phrase
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Human Resources Department for hote
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statistically independent of one an
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MRAT converts absolute value scores
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� use short, simple phrases; �
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of Mexico, it means wrist. This pat
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� Linear regression will be emplo
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Lee and Soutar (2009) discuss scali
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Figure 4.14. SVS and LBDQXII Respon
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Some are evidenced from Guadalajara
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Smith (2004) investigated these iss
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Item 57: SELF-INDULGENT (doing plea
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CHAPTER 5: RESULTS OF ANALYSIS OF D
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does not require bootstrapping to e
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Figure 5.4. SVS RMSEA for the NZ SV
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Smallest Space Analysis for the Gua
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The following items conform to defi
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Figure 5.11. Two-Dimensional Smalle
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Figure 5.13. Two-Dimensional Smalle
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elationships at the Passive/Empower
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Analysing SSA item-dimension struct
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Figure 5.17. Chart of SVS Dimension
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Raw Scores 1995 Mgr Figure 5.20. Hi
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Lee & Soutar Random 2009 Figure 5.2
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Figure 5.24. Raw Score Rankings of
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variables. Age will be included as
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Figure 5.27. Pearson Inter-Correlat
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Figure 5.29. Correlations of Age an
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Figure 5.32. Education x Country Cr
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In some cases relating to relative
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Figure 5.36 SVS57 and LBDQXII Diffe
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In Figure 5.36 we see the analysis
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In the chart and table in Figures 5
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Structure of Charismatic Leadership
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for any dimension. For two borderli
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Figure 5.43 ANOVA and Chart of Gend
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Analysis of Covariance for SVS Dime
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Figure 5.47. Intercorrelations of P
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The intercorrelations amongst Age,
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Benevolence, Self-Direction, and Se
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CHAPTER 6: IMPLICATIONS OF RESULTS,
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owned by the co-operative, had rigo
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Figure 6.1. Components of Leader Be
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SVS samples to other demographics,
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Figure 6.3. SVS Individual Values D
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kind of person. Accurately translat
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� In NZ, high Tradition values re
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as strong business partners because
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ANOVA Tests Dimension Means 0.6 0.4
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These results indicate considerable
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aspirations. The shared and opposin
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Chinese businesspeople in Guangzhou
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Perceptions of the Dark Side of Lea
Page 301 and 302: Ehrlich et al. (1990) conclude, “
Page 303 and 304: LBDQXII correlations with Charisma/
Page 305 and 306: dimensions suggested by Ehrlich et
Page 307 and 308: male dominated organizations might
Page 309 and 310: to identify external locus of contr
Page 311 and 312: or plan, use serendipity (Crick and
Page 313 and 314: the regional context of Guangdong P
Page 315 and 316: negative indicator such as no, not,
Page 317 and 318: epresented different samples and di
Page 319 and 320: consistently, the only thing that y
Page 321 and 322: The Managerial Leader Actor Figure
Page 323 and 324: APPENDIX 4 -SURVEYS This appendix c
Page 325 and 326: SE15 Reciprocation of favours RECIP
Page 327 and 328: Achievement Hedonism Stimulation Se
Page 329 and 330: PR43. Is very skilful in an argumen
Page 331 and 332: The survey as presented to particip
Page 333 and 334: No. ________________________ IDEAL
Page 335 and 336: The “ideal managerial leader” A
Page 337 and 338: 34 AMBITIOUS (hard-working, aspirin
Page 339 and 340: DATA CLEANING FOR THE SCHWARTZ VALE
Page 341 and 342: GZ: F3ToleranceofUncertainty Model
Page 343 and 344: GZ: F7RoleAssumption Model Unstanda
Page 345 and 346: GZ: F11Integration Model Unstandard
Page 347 and 348: NZ: F3ToleranceofUncertainty Model
Page 349 and 350: NZ: F7RoleAssumption Model Unstanda
Page 351: NZ: F11Integration Model Unstandard
Page 355 and 356: Arnold, K. A.; Barling, J. Kelloway
Page 357 and 358: Ayman, R. (1993). Leadership Percep
Page 359 and 360: Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1990a)
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Page 363 and 364: Bolman, L. G. and Deal, T. E. (1997
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Page 373 and 374: De Mooij, Marieke and Hofstede, Gee
Page 375 and 376: Dodgson, P. G. and Wood, J. V. (199
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Page 381 and 382: Festinger, Leon. (1957). A Theory o
Page 383 and 384: Foust, Dean; Rocks, David and Kripa
Page 385 and 386: Georgas, J.; Van De Vijver, F. J. R
Page 387 and 388: Graen, G.B. and Uhl-Bien, M. (1995)
Page 389 and 390: Hagger, M.S.; Chatzisarantis, N. an
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Page 399 and 400: Hunt, J.G.; Boal, K.B. and Sorenson
Page 401 and 402: Jermier, J.M.; Slocum, J.W.; Fry, L
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Kalleberg, A.L. (1977) Work Values
Page 405 and 406:
Kim, U.; Triandis, H.C.; Kagitcibas
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Krosnick, Jon A. (1999). Survey Res
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Leung, C.; Moore, S. (2003). Indivi
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Littrell, Romie F. (2005). Cross-Cu
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Lord, R.G.; Brown, D.J. and Freiber
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Marsh, H. W. (1996). Positive and N
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McCormick, C.C. and Kavanagh, J. A.
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MFAT, New Zealand Ministry of Forei
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Munson, J. Michael and McIntyre, Sh
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Parker, P. M. (2000). Physioeconomi
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Peterson, Mark F. and Castro, Steph
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