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comparative value priorities of chinese and new zealand

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PREFACE<br />

I have occasionally used unique abbreviations, styles, <strong>and</strong> formatting in this thesis.<br />

Details follow.<br />

Terminology<br />

TERMINOLOGY, ABBREVIATIONS, STYLE AND FORMATTING<br />

“Gender” references in this thesis refer to biological sex, male <strong>and</strong> female, <strong>and</strong> do not<br />

include sexual orientation related to behaviour.<br />

Statistical Reporting<br />

SPSS© is an acronym for a statistical data editor <strong>and</strong> analysis manager originally named<br />

“Statistical Package for the Social Sciences” <strong>and</strong> is a product <strong>of</strong> SPSS Inc.,<br />

Headquarters, 233 S. Wacker Drive, 11th floor, Chicago, Illinois 60606, USA.<br />

Sample size, N, varies for the samples in statistical analyses because the SPSS facility<br />

for excluding data on a pair-wise basis was employed. SPSS allows specification <strong>of</strong><br />

either list-wise deletion or pair-wise deletion <strong>of</strong> missing <strong>value</strong>s. One can elect either<br />

when conducting each test in SPSS.<br />

List-wise deletion: SPSS will not include cases (subjects) that have missing <strong>value</strong>s on<br />

the variable(s) under analysis. When analysing multiple variables list-wise deletion<br />

removes cases (subjects) if there is a missing <strong>value</strong> on any <strong>of</strong> the variables. The<br />

disadvantage can be a large loss <strong>of</strong> data due to removing all data from subjects who may<br />

have answered some <strong>of</strong> the questions, but not others.<br />

Pair-wise deletion – SPSS will include all available data. Pair-wise deletion removes the<br />

specific missing <strong>value</strong>s from the analysis (not the entire case/subject); hence all<br />

available data is included. Pair-wise deletion will result in slightly different sample sizes<br />

for each analysis.<br />

Unless otherwise noted, all significance levels reported are calculated as 2-tailed<br />

probability estimates; a 2-tailed probability is the probability <strong>of</strong> obtaining a result as<br />

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