100-Metodos-de-Qualidade-Total

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ANALYTICAL METHODS 111 Benefits It helps to increase the failure resistance of the product and the tolerance of the product to failures. Example In a stress-strength analysis experiment it was observed that many failures happened due to a weak point, which had been exposed to a strong stress. This stress can arise due to external or internal conditions. Gradual weakening can be caused by fatigue, corrosion, deterioration or diffusion. The catastrophic effect is, as a rule, an immediate overload. Figure 1 indicates the effects of stress on a unit. Reference B. Bergman and B. Klefsjo (1994) Quality: from Customer Needs to Customer Satisfaction. New York: McGraw-HilI.
112 100 METHODS FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Method 45 control) Robust design (off-line quality Purpose To achieve the proper functioning of a component even when affected by interfering factors, whether external, internal or manufacturing variation. When to use When the individual unit of a product is exposed to disturbance and to focus on reducing the variability of the process. How to use Divide the disturbing factors into the following groups: 1 Inner disturbances, i.e. wear and tear of the individual unit due to its operation. 2 Outer disturbances, i.e. variation of temperature and other environmental factors during usage. 3 Manufacturing variation, i.e. deviation from the set target. Use the design to check whether individual units exposed to the above disturbances alter or vary in important characteristics. Benefits It helps to focus on reducing the variability of the process by designing quality into the process. Example Statisticians use the term 'robust' to mean insensitive to departures from set conditions. The sample median can be preferred to the sample mean as an estimator because it is robust against extreme observations. It is often possible to choose a design that will be more or less sensitive to disturbance. In an experiment, the amplification of a transistor and the output of voltage can be adopted following the design process. By choosing a nominal amplification A 1 instead of Au, the voltage can be adjusted by the spread of actual amplification. The level can then be controlled towards the target value with the help of a resistor. Reference B. Bergman and B. Klefsjo (1994) Quality: From Customer Needs to Customer Satisfaction. New York : McGraw-HilI.
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100 METHODS FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAG
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PREFACE An essential part of the de
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THE ROLE OF TQM METHODS Total quali
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LIST OF METHODS (BY CATEGORY) Manag
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MANAGEMENT METHODS Method 1 Accepta
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REFERENCES Akao, Y. (1991) Hoshin K
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INDEX acceptable quality level (AQL
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100-Metodos-de-Qualidade-Total

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