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MANAGEMENT METHODS 45<br />

3 Write down the internal forces trying to accomplish the plan (insi<strong>de</strong> the<br />

circle).<br />

4 Denote the strength of the force by the length of an arrow.<br />

Benefits<br />

Powerful method for helping to <strong>de</strong>velop a contingency plan by providing a<br />

graphic illustration of external and internal processes at work.<br />

Example<br />

External and internal forces for <strong>de</strong>veloping a business plan are shown in<br />

Figure 1. Here, force analysis helps to i<strong>de</strong>ntify the forces which are helping<br />

you to accomplish your purpose and those which are resisting your efforts.<br />

In this situation, customer requirement can be met by management<br />

commitment. However, external forces, such as mo<strong>de</strong>rn technology, and<br />

internal forces, such as cultural change, might resist the <strong>de</strong>velopment of<br />

the business plan.

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