100-Metodos-de-Qualidade-Total

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ANALYTICAL METHODS 89 Method 36 Evolutionary operation (EVOP) Purpose A sequential experimental procedure for collecting information during online production to improve a process without disturbing output. When to use When off-line experimentation is expensive and you would like to use online process control. It should be run not only to produce product but also to provide information on how to improve the process and product. How to use It requires a simple two-stage process using simple statistical concepts. It is run during normal routine production by plant personnel. At each stage a simple design is used to estimate the direction of increase or decrease of the yield as required by the experiment. Through the planned introduction of minor variants into the process, the operating conditions are made. Proceeding a certain step-length in the required direction, lay down a second experiment to re-estimate the increase until there is no further improvement. Constant repetition of this programme will lead to continual improvement of the process. Benefits It provides sequential searching of the design space for the improvement of the process without disturbing production. Example In an industrial process, two temperatures are identified as having an effect on the percentage of parts with no faults. The two temperatures are surface temperature (tl) and base temperature (tz). The first experiment gave the following results:
90 100 METHODS FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT t1 ° t2 0 Yield in percentage 740 250 56 750 270 56 740 270 71 750 250 70 745 260 68 To estimate the direction of increase, the fitted linear model of the process from the first experiment was: Y = 68.2 + 0.950 (t1-745) + 0.525 (t2-260) The centre for the second experiment was taken at (765, 275) and the results were: t1 0 t2 0 Yield in percentage 760 270 80 770 280 97 760 280 95 770 270 96 765 275 94 The above information indicates that the improvement on the percentage yield can be obtained by using t1 0 = 770 and ( 2 ° = 280. Repetition of this procedure will lead to the optimum improvement of the process. Reference Thomas D. Barker (1994) Quality by Experimental Design. New York: Marcel Dekker.
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100 METHODS FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAG
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PREFACE An essential part of the de
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THE ROLE OF TQM METHODS Total quali
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LIST OF METHODS (BY CATEGORY) Manag
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MANAGEMENT METHODS Method 1 Accepta
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DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DISPL
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Plant Department ';:i r =i -< l>
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REFERENCES Akao, Y. (1991) Hoshin K
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INDEX acceptable quality level (AQL
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