100-Metodos-de-Qualidade-Total

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MANAGEMENT METHODS 49 Example A QMS normally contains four levels of documentation. These are: 1 A quality policy manual: this is a policy document, a statement of intent about what you intend to do. 2 A quality procedures manual: this is a more detailed series of documents detailing how you will carry out the 'whats' of the quality policy manual. 3 Quality records: these are the proofs that the 'hows' have been carried out. 4 Work instructions: these are the small details that explain how specific tasks are carried out. Each procedure may have several work instructions for different products or services. References BS EN ISO 9000-1 : Selection and Use. BS EN ISO 9001 : QA Design.
50 100 METHODS FOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Method 16 Just in time (JIT) Purpose To deliver the raw materials or components to the production line to arrive just in time when they are needed. When to use When you want to minimize or eliminate stocks in order to prevent the organization from incurring unproductive cost. How to use The production process uses the 'pull system', whereby the material is not received from the supplier or requested from the preceding production phase until it is needed to sustain production. Benefits It helps to eliminate stocks in order to prevent unproductive stock cost. The benefit to four companies of using JIT can be seen in Table 1. Example JIT was developed by Toyota Motor Company. In 1984 Toyota agreed to re-open General Motors' old plant in California as a joint venture. A new stamping plant was built next to GM's old plant, so that various stamping could be produced in small batches when needed. These components had previously been made at other GM factories, which meant that car assembly was dependent on large amounts of components being sent by train from other factories. The adoption of Toyota's production system (JIT) in GM's factory also meant that these two systems were inseparable, and productivity and quality at this old factory were acceptable. Table 1 Benefits of J1T Reduced inventory Reduced lead Reduced re-work Reduced space Company (% ) times (% ) (% ) (% ) A 94 95 50 40 B 82 95 51 70 C 75 92 372 58 0 94 70 75 40
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REFERENCES Akao, Y. (1991) Hoshin K
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INDEX acceptable quality level (AQL
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100-Metodos-de-Qualidade-Total

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